Forests, man and water

Moore, Peter D.

doi:10.1080/00207238508710221

Cited by 4 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 25 publications

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“…(2000a) report percentages of Corylus avellana -type of over 90% TLP at Rough Tor in the early Holocene, the much lower values in LESKM-1 assemblage suggest that the area around Leskernick had been subject to some prior anthropogenic disturbance. The changes in hydrology associated with this activity may well have been responsible for peat initiation at the site of the monolith (Moore 1975; Moore 1985). Trees/shrubs are most likely to have persisted on the heavily clittered slopes nearby.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Studies of vegetation and land-use history on Bodmin Moor: pollen investigations from Leskernick

Waller

2024

Preprint

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Details of pollen investigations that accompanied archaeological excavations (of a Late Neolithic/Early Bronze ritual complex and a Middle to Late Bronze Age settlement) at Leskernick Hill Bodmin Moor, undertaken between 1995 and 1999, are presented. Samples were collected both from a nearby off-site location and from a variety of on-site contexts. The off-site peat profile contains a major hiatus. The earliest assemblage corresponds to the Late Neolithic/Early Bronze Age and indicates a largely open landscape in which both pasture and arable agriculture were practiced. Sedimentation recommenced during the early Medieval period and the pollen record shows the varying degrees to which grazing and arable agriculture were practiced up until the recent past. These phases do not accord well with historic evidence from the wider area, though other pollen diagrams from the region also record a wetter phase found at Leskernick (and dated here to c. 1400-1600 AD). Evidence obtained during the archaeological excavations suggests the ritual complex was abandoned early and the pollen records indicate this was accompanied by a period of low grazing pressure. Samples from the interiors of huts/houses dated to the Middle Bronze Age are dominated by Poaceae pollen suggesting relatively intense human activity. The assemblages from beneath the boundary walls around the settlement probably cover a considerable time period, in part as a result of rebuilding and the reuse of stone. With high Calluna vulgaris values they appear largely to reflect the stony nature of the environment in which the settlement was established.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Studies of vegetation and land-use history on Bodmin Moor: pollen investigations from Leskernick

Waller

2024

Preprint

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“…By reducing evapotranspiration and promoting quickflow, woodland clearance may increase river discharges by 10-50% (Moore, 1985) and render catchments more susceptible to flash-flooding (Ferguson, 1981), changes consistent with widespread floodplain incision. In the upper Edendon Valley, however, the pollen spectra of the subterrace peat (which pre-dates the culmination of floodplain aggradation) are almost identical to those of the terrace peat (which immediately post-dates the culmination of floodpain aggradation).…”

Section: Causes Of Valley Floor Incisionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Late Holocene floodplain incision and alluvial fan formation in the central Grampian Highlands, Scotland: chronology, environment and implications

Ballantyne

Whittington

1999

J. Quaternary Sci.

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“…There are several ways in which one can envisage human activity of this sort favouring the development of valley mires:--(i) Removal of a forest cover (even partial) from a catchment significantly increases the water reaching the soil and running off (Moore, 1985). Studies in the United States have shown increases in stream discharge of between 20% and 40% as a result of experimental forest removal (Swank & Douglass, 1974;Bormann et al, 1968).…”

Section: A Valley Mire In Southern Spainmentioning

confidence: 98%

Man and mire: a long and wet relationship

Moore

1987

Transactions of the Botanical Society of Edinburgh

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Several different types of mire, that is peat-forming ecosystem, contain in their stratigraphic and pollen record evidence of human activity. Often this coincides with either the commencement of peat formation or a major change in the type of peat being formed. Some mires can therefore be regarded as man-made habitats. Examples are discussed which include valley mires in southern Spain and in England, a schwingmoor in central Wales, and the blanket mires of upland and western Britain. All of these show major changes in their stratigraphy at a time when human influence, as exhibited in the pollen record, is particularly strong. The effects of man on valley mire and blanket mire initiation is mainly a consequence of hydrological change; deforestation increases the frequency of soil saturation and the quantity of run-off water. The result is impaired decomposition and peat accumulation. Downwash of silts and charcoal can also enhance this effect in valley mires, as can podsolization in blanket mires. A further effect of deforestation, the nutrient enrichment of drainage waters, is shown to be of particular importance in the initiation of a floating raft of acquatics at the schwingmoor, Llyn Mire, and hence led to the development of a raft of bog vegetation over a former lake. On the basis of these examples the question of just how widespread is man's influence on mire development is discussed.

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Forests, man and water

Cited by 4 publications

References 25 publications

Studies of vegetation and land-use history on Bodmin Moor: pollen investigations from Leskernick

Studies of vegetation and land-use history on Bodmin Moor: pollen investigations from Leskernick

Late Holocene floodplain incision and alluvial fan formation in the central Grampian Highlands, Scotland: chronology, environment and implications

Man and mire: a long and wet relationship

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