Foreword to the Special Issue on Photocatalysis

Abstract

Recent developments in text-to-image models, particularly Stable Diffusion, have marked significant achievements in various applications. With these advancements, there are growing safety concerns about the vulnerability of the model that malicious entities exploit to generate targeted harmful images. However, the existing methods in the vulnerability of the model mainly evaluate the alignment between the prompt and generated images, but fall short in revealing the vulnerability associated with targeted image generation. In this study, we formulate the problem of targeted adversarial attack on Stable Diffusion and propose a framework to generate adversarial prompts. Specifically, we design a gradient-based embedding optimization method to craft reliable adversarial prompts that guide stable diffusion to generate specific images. Furthermore, after obtaining successful adversarial prompts, we reveal the mechanisms that cause the vulnerability of the model. Extensive experiments on two targeted attack tasks demonstrate the effectiveness of our method in targeted attacks. The code can be obtained in https://github.com/ datar001 / Revealing -Vulnerabilities -in -Stable-Diffusion-via-Targeted-Attacks.

Mixed-Methods Approach to Land Use Renewal Strategies in and around Abandoned Airports: The Case of Beijing Nanyuan Airport

“…In the hundreds of years of construction that followed, it maintained the minimum level of architectural construction and resource extraction. The Nanyuan wetlands once greatly replenished Beijing's groundwater [78], but, due to the cut-off of the Yongding River and land reclamation, the wetlands no longer exist, impacting Beijing's groundwater levels. At the same time, Beijing's urban spatial pattern of "northern mountains and southern waters, northern culture and southern martial arts" carries the city's own cultural memory and historical heritage, and restoring the overall wetland ecological pattern will benefit the continuation and development of Beijing's future urban context.…”

A study on investment decision of BECCS power plant based on real options

“…Hence, P o can show a trend of volatility and uncertainty. [5] It is assumed that P o fluctuates over the life of the real option [0, T] and follows a geometric Brownian motion.…”

“…Based on the above, the NPV of each node in the delayed investment period of the BECCS power plant is compared to zero according to equation (5), and the greater of these is the value of the investment at that node. Based on this, the TIV of each node under the delayed real option can be obtained by taking the investment value of each node and working backwards from the final term of the delayed investment to the initial moment, as shown in the Table 2.…”

Stability of Pt1/CeO2 single-atom catalyst in oxygen-poor environments: first-principles insights

“…As a result, PEMFCs are widely recognized for their significant potential in the transportation sector and are considered the mainstream technology for future fuel cell development [3]. In PEMFCs, electrode catalysts are crucial for enhancing fuel cell performance by promoting electrochemical reactions IOP Publishing doi:10.1088/1742-6596/2730/1/012004 2 between hydrogen and oxygen [4]. Traditional PEMFC electrode catalysts, predominantly using the precious metal Pt, face challenges due to increasing costs and scarcity.…”