Forgiveness and chronic pain: a systematic review

O’Beirne, Sheena; Katsimigos, Anna-Maria; Harmon, Dominic

doi:10.1007/s11845-020-02200-y

Cited by 8 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 24 publications

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“…In this study, we explored the association between forgiveness and other psychological variables in patients attending a chronic pain clinic. Our systematic review published in November 2020 [4] had identified studies examining forgiveness therapy in various illnesses and in chronic low back pain, but to our knowledge there has been no study specifically looking at forgiveness in patients attending a pain clinic. We discovered in this study that more than half of the patients attending the pain clinic during this period scored less than 90 in the Heartland Forgiveness Scale.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Forgiveness and Chronic Pain: A Cohort Study

O’Beirne,

Harmon

2024

PST

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Background: Chronic pain is a major public health issue. It is a complex condition comprising biological, social and psychological elements, which can be challenging to manage. Forgiveness is a recognised effective intervention in various health conditions. Research has shown promising results using forgiveness as an intervention in the management of pain. This study aims to examine the relationship between forgiveness and other variables in patients suffering from chronic pain in the setting of a chronic pain clinic. Methods: Institutional ethical approval was granted for this study. Patients attending a chronic pain clinic for the first time were invited to complete a questionnaire comprising a brief socio-demographic survey and questionnaires including the Heartland Forgiveness Scale, Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale, Pain and Anxiety Symptoms Scale and Perceived Injustice. Results: 104 adult patients were included. The mean age was 59 years. Back pain was the most common chronic pain presentation. The Heartland Forgiveness Scale (HFS) was found to have a good internal consistency among the Irish population. This study found that 55% of patients attending the pain clinic were not forgiving. Negative correlations were identified between forgiveness and pain, and forgiveness and injustice. Conclusion: The majority of patients attending a chronic pain clinic were not forgiving as measured on the HFS. There was a negative correlation between forgiveness and pain. The results have shown that forgiveness could be beneficial as a therapeutic intervention among patients attending a chronic pain clinic.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…There is an association between the capacity to forgive and the experience of pain [4]. Carson et al [5] describe forgiveness as a mechanism through which negative emotions such as anger and resentment are released and replaced with positive emotions, such as love and compassion.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Forgiveness and Chronic Pain: A Cohort Study

O’Beirne,

Harmon

2024

PST

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“…In support of their findings, O’ Beirne et al (2020) in their study in which they reviewed the relationship between forgiveness and chronic pain, found that patients with low levels of forgiveness also had low tolerance for discomfort. 19 In the study of Kim et al (2021) in which they examined the relationship between forgiveness and health outcomes in individuals with cancer, they found that low psychiatric symptoms were observed in patients with a high level of forgiving others. 14 In line with the findings, it is thought that individuals show a positive orientation in finding the cause of the illness with a high level of forgiveness.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cancer Patients: Forgiveness, Discomfort Intolerance and Psychiatric Symptoms

Belen

Sarıkoç²

2023

J Palliat Care

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Objectives: Cancer patients try to find answers in the light of their individual experiences and if they cannot adapt in line with the answers, various psychiatric symptoms may occur. There are studies supporting that “forgiveness” helps reduce the emotional burden of patients with cancer in their ability to discomfort intolerance of the disease, find meaning in the life. The aim of this study is to evaluate forgiveness, discomfort intolerance, and psychiatric symptoms in cancer patients. Methods: The data of this study, which was conducted with 208 cancer patients receiving outpatient chemotherapy treatment, Personal Information Form was collected with Heartland Forgiveness Scale, Brief Symptom Inventory, and Discomfort Intolerance Scale. Result: It has been determined that cancer patients have a high level of forgiveness, a moderate tolerance to tolerate discomfort, and enable low level of occurrence of psychiatric symptoms. As the level of self-forgiveness and forgiveness of patients increases, the incidence of psychiatric symptoms decreases. Conclusion: In line with the findings, it can be thought that the high level of forgiveness of cancer patients towards their illness allows them to experience less psychiatric symptoms and increase their tolerance to the disorder. Awareness of both patients and healthcare personnel can be increased by preparing training programs that address forgiveness in individuals diagnosed with cancer in healthcare institutions.

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“…Studies have shown that forgiveness is positively associated with health-related quality of life while forgivers usually tend to suppress behaviors damaging to their mental and/or physical health. Forgiveness is considered a powerful tool with significant health impacts on the forgiver in both physical and psychological aspects of health [ 21 ]. Physiological changes associated with forgiveness (that could be helpful in the management of PE patients) include reduced heart rate and blood pressure and improved cardiovascular recovery [ 22 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Association of Psychopathology Symptoms, Self-Compassion, and Forgiveness in Patients With Pulmonary Embolism

Malli¹,

Lampropoulos²,

Iatrou³

et al. 2021

Cureus

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BackgroundPulmonary embolism (PE) is a potentially life-threatening disease with both physical and psychological impacts. The psychological distress in the early phase of the disease has not been previously studied in the literature. MethodsThe study sample included patients with PE with or without deep vein thrombosis. All subjects included in the study prospectively completed the Symptom Checklist-90-R (SCL-90-R) questionnaire, the Heartland Forgiveness Scale (HFS), and the Self-Compassion Scale (SCS) during their hospitalization for PE. ResultsForty-four PE patients were included in the study (59.1% males). The mean age was 62.27±15.03 years. The majority (77.3%) had at least one comorbidity with 9.1% previously diagnosed with depression. The Total Global Severity Index (GSI) score for SCL-90-R was 82.42±49.70 while 36.4% of subjects had a high "Obsessive-compulsive" score, 22.7% had a high "Depression" score, and 22.7% presented a high "Hostility" score. The total HFS score was 45.54±40.42 with 54.5% of patients classified as "usually forgiving." The mean SCS score was 2.05±0.65 with 59.1% of patients presenting moderate self-compassion while 18.2% had low self-compassion. The total SCS score was correlated with the total GSI score (p=0.005, r=-0.576) and total HFS score (p=0.005, r=0.675). The SCS Self-kindness score correlated with interpersonal sensitivity (p=0.024, r=-0.479), depression (p=0.008, r=-0.551), and GSI score (p=0.049, r=-0.425). Self-judgement correlated with paranoid ideation (p=0.044, r=-0.467), hostility (p=0.007, r=-0.597), and GSI (p=0.027, r=-0.505). Isolation correlated with interpersonal sensitivity (p=0.026, r=-0.509), anxiety (p=0.014, r=-0.553), hostility (p=0.032, r=-0.494), paranoid ideation (p=0.026, r=-0.509), and GSI (p=0.015, r=-0.548). The total SCS score correlated with anxiety (p=0.041, r=-0.438). SCS Self-kindness score correlated significantly with total HFS score (p=0.002, r=0.613), forgiveness of self (p=0.011, r=0.528), forgiveness of others (p=0.008, r=0.550), and forgiveness of situations (p=0.004. r=0.587). Common humanity was significantly correlated with total HFS score (p=0.023, r=0.481), forgiveness of others (p=0.033, r=0.456), and forgiveness of situations (p=0.016, r=0.507). Mindfulness was positively correlated with HFS total score (p=0.009, r=0.544), forgiveness of self (p=0.049, r=0.424), forgiveness of others (p=0.012, r=0.525), and forgiveness of situations (p=0.013, r=0.520). ConclusionsWe report for the first time that patients acutely hospitalized for PE present symptoms of obsessivecompulsive disorder, depression, and hostility and exhibit moderate self-compassion. The marginal majority of PE patients are "usually forgiving" during the acute phase of the disease. Self-compassion is positively associated with forgiveness and negatively associated with psychiatric symptoms. Further studies are warranted in order to assess longitudinal differences in psychometric scores and the possible result of targeted mental health interventions at PE-specific clin...

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Forgiveness and chronic pain: a systematic review

Cited by 8 publications

References 24 publications

Forgiveness and Chronic Pain: A Cohort Study

Forgiveness and Chronic Pain: A Cohort Study

Cancer Patients: Forgiveness, Discomfort Intolerance and Psychiatric Symptoms

Association of Psychopathology Symptoms, Self-Compassion, and Forgiveness in Patients With Pulmonary Embolism

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