Form follows function in Triticeae inflorescences

Sakuma, Shun; Koppolu, Ravi

doi:10.1270/jsbbs.22085

Cited by 7 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 90 publications

(114 reference statements)

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“…A pertinent example are the hairs on the rachillae of barley grains. In barley, the rachilla is the rudimentary secondary axis of the inflorescence, where multiple grains are set in wheat 40 . In the single-grained spikelets of barley, the rachilla is a thin and hairy thread-like structure nested in the ventral crease of the grains.…”

Section: A Regulatory Variation Controls Trichome Developmentmentioning

confidence: 99%

Adaptive diversification through structural variation in barley

Jayakodi,

Lu,

Pidon

et al. 2024

Preprint

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Pangenomes are collections of annotated genome sequences of multiple individuals of a species. The structural variants uncovered by these datasets are a major asset to genetic analysis in crop plants. Here, we report a pangenome of barley comprising long-read sequence assemblies of 76 wild and domesticated genomes and short-read sequence data of 1,315 genotypes. An expanded catalogue of sequence variation in the crop includes structurally complex loci that have become hot spots of gene copy number variation in evolutionarily recent times. To demonstrate the utility of the pangenome, we focus on four loci involved in disease resistance, plant architecture, nutrient release, and trichome development. Novel allelic variation at a powdery mildew resistance locus and population-specific copy number gains in a regulator of vegetative branching were found. Expansion of a family of starch-cleaving enzymes in elite malting barleys was linked to shifts in enzymatic activity in micro-malting trials. Deletion of an enhancer motif is likely to change the developmental trajectory of the hairy appendages on barley grains. Our findings indicate that rapid evolution at structurally complex loci may have helped crop plants adapt to new selective regimes in agricultural ecosystems.

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Section: A Regulatory Variation Controls Trichome Developmentmentioning

confidence: 99%

Adaptive diversification through structural variation in barley

Jayakodi,

Lu,

Pidon

et al. 2024

Preprint

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“…While numerous comprehensive reviews are available on determinacy ( Wang et al. 2018 , 2023 , Sakuma and Koppolu 2023 , Tanaka et al. 2023 ), this section will focus on the other features and explore the changes that occur in these features during the developmental phase transition.…”

Section: Developmental Changes During the Vegetative-to-reproductive ...mentioning

confidence: 99%

The Function of Florigen in the Vegetative-to-Reproductive Phase Transition in and around the Shoot Apical Meristem

Tsuji,

Sato

2024

Plant and Cell Physiology

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Plants undergo a series of developmental phases throughout their life cycle, each characterized by specific processes. Three critical features distinguish these phases: the arrangement of primordia (phyllotaxis), the timing of their differentiation (plastochron), and the characteristics of the lateral organs and axillary meristems. Identifying the unique molecular features of each phase, determining the molecular triggers that cause transitions, and understanding the molecular mechanisms underlying these transitions are key to gleaning a complete understanding of plant development. During the vegetative phase, the shoot apical meristem (SAM) facilitates continuous leaf and stem formation, with leaf development as the hallmark. The transition to the reproductive phase induces significant changes in these processes, driven mainly by the protein FT (FLOWERING LOCUS T) in Arabidopsis and proteins encoded by FT orthologs, which are specified as “florigen”. These proteins are synthesized in leaves and transported to SAM, and act as the primary flowering signal, although its impact varies among species. Within the SAM, florigen integrates with other signals, culminating in developmental changes. This review explores the central question of how florigen induces developmental phase transition in the SAM. Future research may combine phase transition studies, potentially revealing the florigen-induced developmental phase transition in SAM.

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“…This special issue of Breeding Science contains five reviews and one research paper that focuses on recent advances and current challenges in developmental research in crops. These articles cover the developmental biology of rice ( Tanaka et al 2023 ), wheat/barley ( Sakuma and Koppolu 2023 ), sorghum ( Takanashi 2023 ), legumes ( Suzaki 2023 ), and tomato ( Nakayama et al 2023 ), as well as rice panicle architecture ( Agata et al 2023 ). All of these papers cover research focused on the unique characteristics of the specific crop, and they suggest the importance of developmental studies that support the foundation of plant breeding and give us different perspectives from that of model plants such as Arabidopsis .…”

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confidence: 99%