Design and verification of cryptographic protocols has been under investigation for quite sometime. However, not much attention has been paid for the class of protocols that deals with group key management and distribution, mainly because of their dynamic characteristics. In addition, these protocols have special security properties, such as forward secrecy, that cannot be verified using methodologies designed for normal two-parties protocols. In this paper, we provide a set of generic formal specification requirements for group key management and distribution protocols. This can help guiding the proper specification of the behavior of such protocols, which is necessary for a successful design and verification process. We define a formal model for the protocol and establish rank theorem for forward properties based on the above requirements. Rank theorems imply the validity of the security property to be proved, and are deducted from a set of rank functions we define over the protocol. The above formalizations and rank theorems were implemented using the PVS theorem prover. We illustrate our approach on the verification of forward secrecy for the Enclaves protocol designed at SRI.