Formaldehyde release characteristics from a Swedish floor finish

Netten, Chris van; Shirtliffe, Cliff; Svec, J.

doi:10.1007/bf01697513

Cited by 6 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 4 publications

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“…The few previous HCHO emission data for wet products are consistent with the results shown in Table 3. Very high HCHO emissions were reported from a Swedish floor finish (19), which may be similar to the product tested here. In another study (20), acid-cured floor and cabinet finishes were shown to emit large amounts of HCHO, though emission rates were not calculated.…”

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 81%

Emission Rates of Formaldehyde from Materials and Consumer Products Found in California Homes

Kelly

Smith

Satola

1998

Environ. Sci. Technol.

187

117

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Formaldehyde (HCHO) is a toxic air contaminant released indoors from pressed-wood materials and numerous consumer products. Formaldehyde emission data are needed for modeling of indoor personal exposures, health risks, and risk reduction measures. This study determined HCHO emission rates from 55 diverse materials and consumer products under two realistic chamber test conditions, using both time-integrated and continuous real-time measurements. Among dry products, relatively high emissions were found from bare pressed-wood materials made with urea-formaldehyde (UF) resins, and from new (unwashed) permanent press fabrics. UF materials with paper, vinyl, laminate, and other coatings showed HCHO emissions lower by about a factor of 10 than those from bare UF materials. Among wet products, an acid-cured floor finish showed the highest HCHO emissions, greatly exceeding those of any dry product even 24 h after application. Fingernail polish and hardener showed relatively high emission rates, and latex paint and wallpaper relatively low emission rates, but these products emit similar amounts of HCHO because of widely different surface areas of application. Acid-cured finishes, and personal activity patterns and exposures during application of wet products, are key areas for further study.

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Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 81%

Emission Rates of Formaldehyde from Materials and Consumer Products Found in California Homes

Kelly

Smith

Satola

1998

Environ. Sci. Technol.

187

117

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“…Perhaps these results are due to the type of material, and also because of temperature increase after sun exposure. This is supported by several authors, who report concentration differences between seasons and time of day in the same dwelling [24,26,27]. However, unlike other studies, environmental variables monitored (temperature and relative humidity) did not show the expected association with formaldehyde offgassing, which may possibly have resulted from other variables not investigated in this study such as ventilation conditions, indoor decoration and others [17,19,22,23,28,29].…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 77%

Formaldehyde in indoor air: a public health problem?

Viegas

Prista

2010

WIT Transactions on Ecology and the Environment

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Formaldehyde was the first air pollutant, which already in the 1970s emerged as a specifically non-industrial indoor air quality problem. Yet formaldehyde remained an indoor air quality issue and the formaldehyde level in residential indoor air is among the highest of any indoor air contaminant.Formaldehyde concentrations in 4 different indoor settings (schools, office buildings, new dwellings and occupied dwellings) in Portugal were measured using Photo Ionization Detection (PID) equipment (11,7 eV lamps).All the settings presented results higher than the reference value proposed by Portuguese legislation. Furthermore, occupied dwellings showed 3 units with results above the reference.We could conclude that formaldehyde presence is a reality in monitored indoor settings. Concentration levels are higher than the Portuguese reference value for indoor settings and these can indicate health problems for occupants.

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