Formalization of ASGM in the Frame of Economic and Environmental Sustainability

Abstract

Artisanal small-scale gold mining (ASGM), owned by individuals, is one form of mineral mining that has been regulated by law. The dilemma in the management of ASGM lies in its dual nature, serving as both an economic potential and a source of environmental harm. This study aims to analyze the existence of ASGM and its impact on economic, environmental, and social sustainability. This juridical normative research employs a statute approach, conceptual approach, and comparative approach. The study’s results revealed the existence of ASGM, which, until the present day, has generally been conducted without permits. In order to mitigate its environmental impacts while preserving it as an economic resource, ASGM needs to be formalized, enabling its activities to be monitored and the law to be enforced.

Water, Sanitation and Hygiene Practices and Associated Health Risks for Artisanal and Small-Scale Gold Mining at Stamico, Nsangano, and A.S. Lulila Mine Sites in Tanzania

“…According to Arthur -Holmes, (2022) and Kazapoa, (2023), this should go hand in hand with formalization of ASGM sites. Similarly, Puluhulawa et al, (2023) has reported that most of ASGM are until these days conducted without authorized permit and thus can cause environmental harm and therefore needed to be formalized and monitored by law. Assessment of WASH related risks to human health in ASGMs is currently receiving attention due to the increasing ASGM activities in low-income countries, including Tanzania (Maganga et al, 2023).…”