Formalizing Clinical Decisions in Individual Treatments: Some First Steps

Spreen, Marinus; Timmerman, Marieke E.; Horst, Paul Ter; Schuringa, Erwin

doi:10.1080/15228932.2010.481233

Cited by 7 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 5 publications

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“…Before filling out the IFTE, the main clinician gives his/her clinical judgment whether he/she thinks the behavior of a patient has changed by answering the question: “Has the patient changed in this last period?” A 13-pointscale with four anchor points is used: 0 = “worsened,” 1 = “no change,” 2 = “a little improved” and 3 = “a lot improved.” Main clinicians in this institution are the coordinators of the treatment and are mostly (clinical) psychologists. The information is displayed in a treatment evaluation report in which the average team score per item and per factor are displayed as well as a measurement of change (Spreen et al, 2010) and a team agreement index per item (Gower & Legendre, 1986) is reported. The agreement index (0.00 is no agreement, 1.00 is total agreement) displays whether the behavior is consistently observed in different situations by different therapists.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Main clinicians in this institution are the coordinators of the treatment and are mostly (clinical) psychologists. The information is displayed in a treatment evaluation report in which the average team score per item and per factor are displayed as well as a measurement of change (Spreen et al, 2010) and a team agreement index per item (Gower & Legendre, 1986) is reported. The agreement index (0.00 is no agreement, 1.00 is total agreement) displays whether the behavior is consistently observed in different situations by different therapists.…”

Section: Instrumentmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Treatment Evaluation in Forensic Psychiatry. Which One Should Be Used: The Clinical Judgment or the Instrument-based Assessment of Change?

Schuringa

Spreen

Bogaerts

2021

Int J Offender Ther Comp Criminol

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In forensic psychiatry, it is common practice to use an unstructured clinical judgment for treatment evaluation. From risk assessment studies, it is known that the unstructured clinical judgment is unreliable and the use of instruments is recommended. This paper aims to explore the clinical judgment of change compared to the calculated change using the Instrument for Forensic Treatment Evaluation (IFTE) in relation to changes in inpatient violence This study shows that the clinical judgment is much more positive about patient’s behavioral changes than the calculated change. And that the calculated change is more in accordance with the change in the occurrence of inpatient violence, suggesting that the calculated change reflects reality closer than the unstructured clinical judgment. Therefore, it is advisable to use the IFTE as a base to make a structured professional judgment of the treatment evaluation of a forensic psychiatric patient.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Instrumentmentioning

confidence: 99%

Treatment Evaluation in Forensic Psychiatry. Which One Should Be Used: The Clinical Judgment or the Instrument-based Assessment of Change?

Schuringa

Spreen

Bogaerts

2021

Int J Offender Ther Comp Criminol

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“…To offer more insight into the individual responses of patient, the treatment was also tested employing an additional N = 1 statistical approach as discussed in Spreen, Timmerman, Horst, and Schuringa (2010). This specific N = 1 approach is developed to support decisions about an individual patient’s progress during treatment and can also be employed to test the effect of an individual therapy.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Influence of Music Therapy on Coping Skills and Anger Management in Forensic Psychiatric Patients

Hakvoort

Bogaerts

Thaut

et al. 2013

Int J Offender Ther Comp Criminol

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The effect of music therapy on anger management and coping skills is an innovative subject in the field of forensic psychiatry. This study explores the following research question: Can music therapy treatment contribute to positive changes in coping skills, anger management, and dysfunctional behavior of forensic psychiatric patients? To investigate this question, first a literature review is offered on music therapy and anger management in forensic psychiatry. Then, an explorative study is presented. In the study, a pre- and post-test design was used with a random assignment of patients to either treatment or control condition. Fourteen participants' complete datasets were collected. All participants received "treatment as usual." Nine of the participants received a standardized, music therapy anger management program; the five controls received, unplanned, an aggression management program. Results suggested that anger management skills improved for all participants. The improvement of positive coping skills and diminishing of avoidance as a coping skill were measured to show greater changes in music therapy participants. When controlling for the exact number of treatment hours, the outcomes suggested that music therapy might accelerate the process of behavioral changes.

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“…In intervention studies on complex human behavior in the field of, for example, social work (Wong, 2010), forensic psychology (Spreen et al, 2010), special education (Horner et al, 2005), and counseling practices (Lenz, 2015), Single Case Research (SCR) has been applied. SCR is a viable alternative when between-group studies, such as Randomized Controlled Trials (RCTs), are not possible (Hein & Weeland, 2019).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Typicality of Level Change (TLC) as an Additional Effect Measure to NAP and Tau-U in Single Case Research

Landman,

Bogaerts,

Spreen

2023

Behav Modif

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Single case research is a viable way to obtain evidence for social and psychological interventions on an individual level. Across single case research studies various analysis strategies are employed, varying from visual analysis to the calculation of effect sizes. To calculate effect sizes in studies with few measurements per time period (<40 data points with a minimum of five data points in each phase), non-parametric indices such as Nonoverlap of All Pairs (NAP) and Tau-U are recommended. However, both indices have restrictions. This article discusses the restrictions of NAP and Tau-U and presents the description, calculation, and benefits of an additional effect size, called the Typicality of Level Change (TLC) index. In comparison to NAP and Tau-U, the TLC index is more aligned to visual analysis, not restricted by a ceiling effect, and does not overcompensate for problematic trends in data. The TLC index is also sensitive to the typicality of an effect. TLC is an important addition to ease the restrictions of current nonoverlap methods when comparing effect sizes between cases and studies.

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Formalizing Clinical Decisions in Individual Treatments: Some First Steps

Cited by 7 publications

References 5 publications

Treatment Evaluation in Forensic Psychiatry. Which One Should Be Used: The Clinical Judgment or the Instrument-based Assessment of Change?

Treatment Evaluation in Forensic Psychiatry. Which One Should Be Used: The Clinical Judgment or the Instrument-based Assessment of Change?

Influence of Music Therapy on Coping Skills and Anger Management in Forensic Psychiatric Patients

Typicality of Level Change (TLC) as an Additional Effect Measure to NAP and Tau-U in Single Case Research

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