Formas e quantidades de carbono em lixiviados de latossolos vermelhos sob influência de calcário e fósforo

Júnior, Antônio Claret de Oliveira; Silva, Carlos Alberto; Curi, Nilton; Lima, José Maria de; Rangel, Otacílio José Passos

doi:10.1590/s0100-06832008000300034

Cited by 2 publications

(1 citation statement)

References 25 publications

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“…A formação de NO 3 que ocorre ao longo da transformação dessas estruturas orgânicas (Sommerfeldt et al, 1988), facilita o movimento no perfil junto ao fluxo de água, sobretudo em solos de textura mais grosseira . Formas orgânicas de nitrogênio também podem se mover no perfil do solo junto aos compostos orgânicos dissolvidos em água, mecanismo aumentado com as práticas que propiciam aumento de pH, como adição de carbonato de cálcio (Oliveira Júnior et al, 2008). A aplicação continuada de esterco nessas áreas de cultivo de batatinha tem promovido acréscimo no pH, devido ao grande aporte de Ca, podendo também estar contribuindo para a lixiviação de N em formas orgânicas, fato que foi evidenciado para as forma orgânicas de P (Galvão & Salcedo, 2009) Nas três camadas de solo estudadas foi notável o aumento nos teores de K extraível por Melich-1, nas áreas com aplicação de esterco; porém, a separação das áreas em faixas de Ptot não permitiu diferenciar claramente o efeito no K uma vez que as faixas 2, 3 e 4 não diferenciaram estatisticamente (Figura 5).…”

Section: Resultsunclassified

Adubação orgânica e inorgânica de batatinha em solos arenosos: produtividade, nutrientes na planta e lixiviação

Oliveira¹,

Salcedo²,

Galvão³

2011

Rev. bras. eng. agríc. ambient.

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R ESU M OAs relações entre os teores de nutrientes em solos com adubação orgânica e inorgânica e os teores de nutrientes e produtividade de batatinha foram determinadas tal como as relações entre aportes e a lixiviação de N e bases trocáveis. Amostras de solo foram coletadas das camadas de 0-20, 20-40 e 40-60 cm em 18 áreas de produção com adições anuais de esterco variando entre 2 e 40 anos e, como controle, quatro áreas sob pastagem não adubadas. Amostras de solo e planta foram analisadas quanto aos teores de N, P, K, Ca e Mg. A produtividade de tubérculo com padrão comercial apresentou relação positiva com a quantidade de N aplicada e a produtividade total indicou relação com o estoque de N do solo; somente o Ca no solo se correlacionou com os teores na planta mas não com a produtividade. As bases trocáveis aumentaram nas três camadas, de acordo com o aumento do esterco aplicado enquanto no N total o aumento só ocorreu nas camadas de 0-20 e 20-40 cm; por fim, a translocação de nutrientes para camadas mais profundas representa prejuízo econômico e provável risco ambiental. Palavras-chave: Solanum tuberosum, esterco, lixiviaçãoOrganic and inorganic fertilization of potato in sandy soils:Productivity, nutrients in the plant and leaching A B ST R A C T The relationships between the nutrient content in soils fertilized with organic and inorganic sources, and the nutrient contents and productivities of potato as well as the relationships of applications and the leaching of N and exchangeable bases were determined. Soil samples were collected from the 0-20, 20-40 and 40-60 cm layers in 18 areas of potato production receiving annual applications of farm yard manure for the last 2 to 40 years and, as control, four areas under non-fertilized pasture. Soil and plant samples were analysed for N, P, K, Ca and Mg concentrations. The yield of large tubers had a positive relationship with the input of N while total yields related with total soil N. Only Ca in the soil correlated with the levels in the plant, but not with productivity. Exchangeable bases increased in the three layers following increases in applied manure, while total soil N increased only in the 0-20 and 20-40 cm layers. The translocation of nutrients to deeper layers represents economic loss and possible environmental risk.

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Section: Resultsunclassified

Adubação orgânica e inorgânica de batatinha em solos arenosos: produtividade, nutrientes na planta e lixiviação

Oliveira¹,

Salcedo²,

Galvão³

2011

Rev. bras. eng. agríc. ambient.

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Influence of the degree of soil organic matter lability on the calcium carbonate equilibrium of soil water

Kužel¹,

Kolář²,

Gergel³

et al. 2010

Soil & Water Res.

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Abstract:In average samples of three sandy-loamy acid Cambisols from a South Bohemian area labile organic matters were determined by the permangate method modified by the dichromate method, and the rate constant of their biochemical oxidation was determined in hot water extracts of the samples. The need of liming was determined by means of 2 methods. In soil solutions of these samples, all values necessary to evaluate their calcium carbonate equilibriums were determined. The soil samples were enriched with 3% of dry matter of two organic materials, farmyard manure and meadow clover meal, and were incubated at 25°C for 180 days under wetting above 50% of their retention water capacity, and after this procedure all analyses were repeated. Both methods were found to increase the need of liming in all three soils: the more labile the organic matter in 3% addition, the higher the need. The meadow clover matter was more labile than the farmyard manure matter. All three methods for the study of soil carbon lability yielded similar results while the potassium permanganate method was more sensitive than the dichromate one. Increases were observed in equilibrium [Cr(H 2 CO 3 * )] and in Langelier saturation index I s . This means that soil liming cannot be considered only as an adjustment to the soil acidity and supply of calcium to plants to meet their requirements, but also as a replacement of the spontaneous adjustment to calcium carbonate equilibrium of soil water, for which through mineralisation of labile organic matters in conditions of our experiment about 220 kg CaCO 3 per hectare of land were consumed on condition that it was not necessary to re-establish it. The process of Ca-compound consumption to establish the calcium carbonate equilibrium is controlled exclusively by the degree of mineralising organic matters lability while the influence of soil properties is only marginal. The same results were provided by the comparison of calcium carbonate equilibriums in nine Šumava brooks of the total watershed area 78 564 km 2 with the degree of lability of organic matters in their sediments in 1986, 2001 and 2004. A reduction in the intensity of agricultural production in 1986-2004 resulted in an increase in the stability of organic matters in the sediments, in a decrease in I s , and in a lower corrosivity of brooks water towards CaCO 3 . However, the quality of soils and their potential soil fertility decreased due to the loss of labile organic matters.

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Formas e quantidades de carbono em lixiviados de latossolos vermelhos sob influência de calcário e fósforo

Cited by 2 publications

References 25 publications

Adubação orgânica e inorgânica de batatinha em solos arenosos: produtividade, nutrientes na planta e lixiviação

Adubação orgânica e inorgânica de batatinha em solos arenosos: produtividade, nutrientes na planta e lixiviação

Influence of the degree of soil organic matter lability on the calcium carbonate equilibrium of soil water

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