Formation and Adaptation of Schemata

Bröcker, Thomas; Kriz, Jürgen

doi:10.1142/9789812815354_0009

Cited by 4 publications

(1 citation statement)

References 8 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…47-48). Schema networks evolve (Piaget, 1936(Piaget, /1952(Piaget, , 1945(Piaget, /1999Brocker & Kriz, 1999). A child's network, for example, adjusts as he or she matures; an adult's network also changes to meet diverse needs.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Dreams as Modifiers and Tests of Mental Schemas: An Emotional Selection Hypothesis

Coutts¹

2008

Psychol Rep

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

A process is proposed that helps a person adapt to a social environment. During sleep, this process executes a set of dreams with social content that schemas tentatively incorporate by self-modifying. Due to vast interconnectivity that exists amongst social schemas, such modifications may introduce accidental, maladaptive conflicts. Consequently, a second set of dreams is executed in the form of test scenarios in order to evaluate the schema modifications effected by the first set of dreams. The process would monitor emotions generated during these latter dream tests. If prior, tentative modifications alleviate anxiety, frustration, sadness, or in other ways appear emotionally adaptive, they would be selected for retention. Those modifications that compare negatively to existing, unchanged schemas would be abandoned or further modified and tested. The correspondences of these hypotheses to the sleep cycle, previous dream studies, and functional neurological processes are discussed.

show abstract

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Dreams as Modifiers and Tests of Mental Schemas: An Emotional Selection Hypothesis

Coutts¹

2008

Psychol Rep

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

Self-Organization of Cognitive and Interactional Processes

Kriz¹

2001

Integrative Systems Approaches to Natural and Social Dynamics

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Abstract:In the last decades new concepts have emerged in order to understand pattern formation in cognitive and interactional processes. Some of these concepts are "emergence", "attractor" and "selforganization". Many "old" phenomena, well known in psychology (for example in Gestalt Psychology) -such as "Gestalt", "tendency towards praegnanz", "schema", "stability and changes of attitudes", interaction patterns in couples and families, etc. can be understand and reconstructed within the frame of these concepts. Especially the interdisciplinary field of "Synergetics" by H. Haken has turned out to serve as a fruitful approach and source for may research projects even in the field of psychology (to which cognitive processes belong, too). Based on the exploited pronounced analogy between pattern formation by self-organization and pattern recognition, especially the completion of an incomplete set of data (due to the dynamical structure of an attractive process) is of interest. The text will report some basic concepts and outline some questions, approaches and experimental findings. Finally, I present a plea for a reassessment of and a re-esteem for the teleological principle in order to investigate and understand the ordering forces in human's world.

show abstract

A Pilot Study for the Analysis of Dream Reports Using Maslow's Need Categories: An Extension to the Emotional Selection Hypothesis

Coutts¹

2010

Psychol Rep

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The emotional selection hypothesis describes a cyclical process that uses dreams to modify and test select mental schemas. An extension is proposed that further characterizes these schemas as facilitators of human need satisfaction. A pilot study was conducted in which this hypothesis was tested by assigning 100 dream reports (10 randomly selected from 10 dream logs at an online web site) to one or more categories within Maslow's hierarchy of needs. A "match" was declared when at least two of three judges agreed both for category and for whether the identified need was satisfied or thwarted in the dream narrative. The interjudge reliability of the judged needs was good (92% of the reports contained at least one match). The number of needs judged as thwarted did not differ significantly from the number judged as satisfied (48 vs. 52%, respectively). The six "higher" needs (belongingness, esteem, cognitive, aesthetic, self-actualization, and transcendence) were scored significantly more frequently (81%) than were the two lowest or "basic" needs (physiological and safety, 19%). Basic needs were also more likely to be judged as thwarted, while higher needs were more likely to be judged as satisfied. These findings are discussed in the context of Maslow's hierarchy of needs as a framework for investigating theories of dream function, including the emotional selection hypothesis and other contemporary dream theories.

show abstract

Formation and Adaptation of Schemata

Cited by 4 publications

References 8 publications

Dreams as Modifiers and Tests of Mental Schemas: An Emotional Selection Hypothesis

Dreams as Modifiers and Tests of Mental Schemas: An Emotional Selection Hypothesis

Self-Organization of Cognitive and Interactional Processes

A Pilot Study for the Analysis of Dream Reports Using Maslow's Need Categories: An Extension to the Emotional Selection Hypothesis

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About