Imbibition
is an important mechanism to improve the recovery factor
(RF) of a tight oil reservoir. Accurately evaluating the oil production
capacity of tight oil reservoirs by imbibition is of great significance
for the formulation of oilfield production plans and productivity
prediction. However, there is currently no unified regulation on the
selection of rock sample size in tight oil reservoir imbibition evaluation
experiments, resulting in great differences in reservoir imbibition
oil production capacity obtained from rock samples of different sizes,
which brings great challenges to the efficient development of tight
oil reservoirs. To clarify the law and mechanism of the rock sample
size effect of tight core imbibition oil recovery, this paper takes
the newly discovered tight sedimentary tuff (TST) oil reservoir as
an example. First, several representative real cores were collected.
Then, their wettability and pore structure characteristics were analyzed.
Finally, physical simulation experiments of imbibition under different
rock sample sizes were conducted. The results show that the TST has
very favorable imbibition conditions, which are manifested in the
following: (i) the wettability is weakly hydrophilic to hydrophilic;
(ii) the mineral composition is tuffaceous minerals, calcite, and
quartz, without clay minerals; (iii) micro-nanoscale pores are developed;
and (iv) the pore throats are evenly distributed. In the imbibition
experiments of rock samples of different sizes, the oil production
characteristics of the core surface, the variation form of imbibition
rate, pore production characteristics, and the influence mode of imbibition
pressure on imbibition do not have the sample size effect. However,
the RF of the spontaneous imbibition has an obvious sample size effect,
and there is a good exponential function relationship between the
imbibition RF and the specific surface area (SSA) of cores. The fundamental
reason why the rock sample size effect of the TST imbibition oil recovery
is relatively stable and has strong regularity is that its pore structure
and wettability are relatively homogeneous and stable. The change
of rock sample size does not have a great impact on the distribution
of the core pore structure and wettability, resulting in no significant
change in its imbibition power, resistance, and distance. Therefore,
the main factor determining the imbibition RF of rock samples with
different sizes is their SSA. The research results of this work can
provide an important theoretical basis for understanding the law and
mechanism of TST imbibition oil recovery and unifying the imbibition
experimental results of small-sized rock samples.