Formation and fragmentation of the Palaeoproterozoic supercontinent Columbia: evidence from the Eastern Ghats Granulite Belt, southeast India

Kumar, K. Vijaya; Leelanandam, C.; Ernst, W. G.

doi:10.1080/00206814.2010.527658

Cited by 39 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 51 publications

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“…(d) Finally, can the Proterozoic sedimentary record in the Indian shield be taken as a marker event to delink the Early Mesoproterozoic orogenesis from the Columbia event? It is now well recognized that the Late Palaeoproterozoic to Early Mesoproterozoic orogenesis, often producing granulite‐facies rocks is an integral feature of the Indian Shield (Sarkar, Ray Barman, & Corfu, ; Dasgupta, Guha, Sengupta, Miura, & Ehl, ; Buick, Allen, Pandit, Rubatto, & Hermann, ; Chatterjee et al, ; Chatterjee, Mazumder, Bhattacharya, & Saikia, ; Saha, Bhowmik, Fukuoka, & Dasgupta, ; Kaur, Chaudhri, Racsek, Kroner, & Hofmann, ; Kaur, Zeh, & Chaudhri, ; Bhowmik et al, , , , ; Upadhyay, Gerdes, & Raith, ; Bhandari et al, ; Bose, Dunkley, Dasgupta, Das, & Arima, ; Rekha et al, ; Vijaya Kumar, Leelanandam, & Ernst, ; Bhowmik & Dasgupta, ; Sanyal & Sengupta, ; Dharma Rao, Santosh, & Chmielowski, ; Dasgupta, Bose, Bhowmik, & Sengupta, ; Dasgupta, Bose, & Das, ; Bora, Kumar, Yi, Kim, & Lee, ; Henderson, Collins, Payne, Forbes, & Saha, ; Sarkar, Schenk, & Berndt, ; Sarkar, Schenka, Appel, Berndt, & Sengupta, ; Ozha et al, ; Dey et al, ; Saikia et al, ) and also former Gondwanaland (Cutts, Hand, & Kelsey, ; Cutts, Kelsey, & Hand, ; Gibson, Rubenach, Neumann, Southgate, & Hutton, ) and Laurentian fragments (Nunn, Gower, & Thomas, ; Gower, Schurer, & Heaman, ; Gower, ; Connelly, Rivers, & James, ; Wardle, Gower, & Kerr, ; Wardle, Ryan, Philippe, & Schärer, ; Åhäll & Gower, ; Åhäll, Persson, & Skiöld, ). Therefore, it can be safely stated that orogenesis in this time period was more widespread than previously recognized.…”

Section: Late Palaeoproterozoic To Early Mesoproterozoic Orogenesis Imentioning

confidence: 99%

The current status of orogenesis in the Central Indian Tectonic Zone: A view from its Southern Margin

Bhowmik

2019

Geological Journal

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The Central Indian Tectonic Zone, because of its critical position in the tectonic framework of East Gondwanaland, holds insights into our understanding of the assembly and dispersal of Columbia and Rodinia supercontinents through the growth of the Greater Indian Landmass. The tectonic zone, which is now a collage of different supracrustal and granulite‐gneiss belts, bears testimony to a multistage orogenic evolution from Late Palaeoproterozoic to Early Neoproterozoic time. In this contribution, the current status of orogenic evolution in the Central Indian Tectonic Zone has been reviewed using petrological and geochronological constraints from the Sausar Mobile Belt, its southernmost constituent. It reveals a three‐stage evolution leading to the growth of the Greater Indian Landmass: (a) c. 1.6–1.5‐Ga accretionary orogenesis produced the first nucleus of Greater India through the assembly of arc, back arc, and continental margins; (b) a phase of Middle Proterzoic extension led to the disintegration of the Proto‐Greater India; and (c) classical Himalayan‐style continental collision between 1.06 and 0.93 Ga finally stitched the North and South India blocks to produce the final configuration of the Greater Indian Landmass. It is argued that the Late Palaeoproterozoic to Early Mesoproterozoic orogenesis in India and former Gondwanaland and Laurentian fragments is a globally significant amalgamation event separate from the Columbia Supercontinent assembly.

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Section: Late Palaeoproterozoic To Early Mesoproterozoic Orogenesis Imentioning

confidence: 99%

The current status of orogenesis in the Central Indian Tectonic Zone: A view from its Southern Margin

Bhowmik

2019

Geological Journal

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“…The Cuddapah Basin was opened as a back‐arc extensional basin at ~2 Ga due to westerly directed subduction of the oceanic crust beneath the Dharwar Craton (Absar, Nizamudheen, Augustine, Managave, & Balakrishnan, ). The arc diminished early due to westward migration of the subduction and accretion of oceanic island arc to the rifted margin of proto‐India (Vijaya Kumar, Leelanandam, & Ernst, ). Presence of relatively large number of volcanic lithic fragments and intermediate level of TTEs (i.e., higher than the sediments derived exclusively from crustal rocks but lower than the sediments owing arc protolith) in the Gulcheru Quartzites suggest supply of sediments from dual source terrain and their deposition in a back‐arc setting (Condie & Wronkiewicz, ; Fatima & Khan, ; Khan & Khan, ).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Presence of relatively large number of volcanic lithic fragments and intermediate level of TTEs (i.e., higher than the sediments derived exclusively from crustal rocks but lower than the sediments owing arc protolith) in the Gulcheru Quartzites suggest supply of sediments from dual source terrain and their deposition in a back‐arc setting (Condie & Wronkiewicz, ; Fatima & Khan, ; Khan & Khan, ). Closure of the back‐arc basins and extinction of magmatic arc took place immediately after their maturity (Vijaya Kumar et al, ). Following this, the direction of subduction has changed which has brought Napier Block of Antarctica and Australian Craton very close to the proto‐India (Dharma Rao, Santosh, & Wu, ; Vijaya Kumar et al, ).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Closure of the back‐arc basins and extinction of magmatic arc took place immediately after their maturity (Vijaya Kumar et al, ). Following this, the direction of subduction has changed which has brought Napier Block of Antarctica and Australian Craton very close to the proto‐India (Dharma Rao, Santosh, & Wu, ; Vijaya Kumar et al, ). Further collision of Antarctica–Australian Craton with Dharwar Craton of proto‐India portion has initiated the development of Cuddapah Basin as foreland basin abaft collisional Krishna orogenic province (1.6 Ga; Collins et al, ).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Geochemistry of the Palaeoproterozoic quartzites of Lower Cuddapah Supergroup, South India: Implications for the palaeoweathering, provenance, and crustal evolution

et al. 2019

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The lower part of the Proterozoic Cuddapah Basin exposes three quartzite sequences, namely, Gulcheru, Pulivendla, and Gandikota formations. Gulcheru Quartzites show angular to subangular texture, whereas Pulivendla and Gandikota quartzites contain rounded to subrounded detrital grains. Mineralogically, all quartzites are predominantly composed of quartz with subordinate amount of feldspar, mica, and heavy minerals. Clay and silt are present as a matrix while silica and carbonate act as a cementing material. Based on detrital modes and major element geochemistry, these sediments are classified as arkose to subarkose. The petrological and geochemical attributes of the basal formations of the Cuddapah quartzite indicate cyclic weathering under variable humid subtropical climate. The CIA values of these quartzites suggest moderate to intense chemical weathering for the Gulcheru and Gandikota quartzites and low to moderate chemical weathering for Pulivendla Quartzites. The major element ratios (SiO2/Al2O, K2O/Na2O), trace element ratios, chondrite‐normalised REE patterns and UCC normalised multi element diagrams suggest that these quartzites were predominantly derived from the felsic sources, with subordinate contribution from mafic sources. Provenance studies and mixing models, in conjunction with palaeocurrent data suggest that these quartzites of the Lower Cuddapah Supergroup received sediments from various sources including Eastern Dharwar Craton as well as from more juvenile crust.

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“…In earlier publications (see Ramesh et al, 2010aRamesh et al, , 2010bBapanayya et al, 2011), these positive-velocity-contrast seismic phases were interpreted as relict paleosubduction features based on their presentday depth disposition, and on fi eld geologic correlation and several other geophysical, geochemical, and age constraints. This interpretation is supported by: (1) the presence of nepheline syenites and carbonatites, which represent deformed alkaline rocks and carbonatites (DARCs), indicative of suturing in the study region (Leelanandam et al, 2006;Vijaya Kumar and Leelanandam, 2008); (2) 1.85 Ga sensitive high-resolution ion microprobe (SHRIMP) U-Pb ages of zircons separated from the Kandra ophiolite complex along the SE margin of India (Vijaya Kumar et al, 2010), suggestive of Wilson cycling; (3) documentation of a suite of rock occurrences in a particular sequence, along with their age constraints (Vijaya Kumar et al, 2011), reminiscent of the proposed subduction in southeast India; (4) a paired gravity anomaly in the region (Kaila and Bhatia, 1981), characteristic of suture zones; and (5) geophysically detected relict subduction features at depth from similar tectonic settings of Proterozoic age and younger Paleozoic times around the globe.…”

Section: Observation Of Mode-converted Signals From the Lehmann Discomentioning

confidence: 99%

Imaging mantle lithosphere for diamond prospecting in southeast India

Sharma¹,

Ramesh²

2013

Lithosphere

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An understanding of the tectonic makeup of an area through study of surface geological features, together with depth information on the nature of the underlying lithosphere, forms the key to diamond exploration strategy. Although diamonds have been reported from the Indian craton for many centuries, the search for their carrier rocks dates back only to the beginning of the twentieth century. This study focuses on a wide area in southeast India, parts of which are sources of both diamondiferous and nondiamondiferous kimberlites and lamproites. Using Ps (SV and SH) and Sp receiver functions, we recovered depth images of the lithospheric mantle beneath southeast India encompassing the Eastern Dharwar-Bastar cratons and the adjoining Eastern Ghats mobile belt. These images reveal the presence of two signifi cant velocity anomalies of contrasting nature at different depths beneath the study region. High-velocity features are observed between 160 and 220 km depth (Lehmann discontinuity depth, or L-depth), and a complex low-velocity contrast layer is delineated at ~80-100 km depth. Analyses of results from several other studies that include regional geology, geophysics, geochemistry, and geochronology allow us to infer that the positive velocity contrasts at L-depth represent preserved oceanic remnants of a ca. 1.6 Ga paleosubduction event in southeast India. Analysis of selected geothermobarometry data in conjunction with other evidence presented in this study indicates that the craton beneath southeast India is underlain by a thick lithospheric root/keel in excess of 200 km, suggesting an environment conducive to diamond stability. Consequently, we interpret the complex low-velocity contrast layer feature as a midlithospheric discontinuity and not a shallow lithosphere-asthenosphere boundary. The diamond formation potential of the area is discussed in light of a working model that incorporates the Mesoproterozoic paleosubduction scenario (ca. 1.6 Ma event) and subsequent kimberlite and/or lamproite intrusions. Wide regions covering the Godavari graben and adjoining areas are identifi ed as potential zones for diamond exploration. on June 7, 2015 lithosphere.gsapubs.org Downloaded from DAS SHARMA AND RAMESH 332 www.gsapubs.org | Volume 5 | Number 4 | LITHOSPHEREnamely, the Bastar and the Eastern Dharwar cratons, using Ps (P-to-s conversions) and Sp (S-to-p conversions) receiver functions (Vinnik, 1977;Farra and Vinnik, 2000). Based on these seismological results and available geological, geochemical, geochronological, and thermobarometric data, we present a comprehensive geodynamic model to illustrate diamond genesis in the cratonic blocks of southeast India. We also use these results to delineate prospective diamondiferous zones in the study. Our results show that the present-day lithosphere beneath southeast India is indeed thick and extends beyond the well-defi ned diamond stability fi eld.

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Formation and fragmentation of the Palaeoproterozoic supercontinent Columbia: evidence from the Eastern Ghats Granulite Belt, southeast India

Cited by 39 publications

References 51 publications

The current status of orogenesis in the Central Indian Tectonic Zone: A view from its Southern Margin

The current status of orogenesis in the Central Indian Tectonic Zone: A view from its Southern Margin

Geochemistry of the Palaeoproterozoic quartzites of Lower Cuddapah Supergroup, South India: Implications for the palaeoweathering, provenance, and crustal evolution

Imaging mantle lithosphere for diamond prospecting in southeast India

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