Formation and properties of aqueous leaks induced in human erythrocytes by electrical breakdown

Schwister, Karl; Deüticke, B.

doi:10.1016/0005-2736(85)90501-2

Cited by 184 publications

(83 citation statements)

References 28 publications

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“…This is the lesson of microelectrode impalation of cells, and the literature of electroporation and biolistics. The sol/gel of the membrane is seen more as "jelly" than "skin", and the "breaches" in it that allow uptake or loss of molecular labels after damage are conceived of as localized regions where membrane permeability has been compromised, not where actual "holes" in the membrane persist (Dimitrov & Jaine, 1984;Schwister & Deutike, 1985). Here we show that a small puncture on the order of <3 µm in extent, ca.…”

Section: Acute Cell Death After Mechanical Damage To the Membranementioning

confidence: 74%

Three-dimensional imaging of living and dying neurons with atomic force microscopy

McNally

Borgens

2004

J Neurocytol

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Atomic Force Microscopy (AFM) has been used to image the morphology of developing neurons and their processes. Additionally, AFM can physically interact with the cell under investigation in numerous ways. Here we use the AFM to both three-dimensionally image the neuron and to inflict a nano/micro-puncture to its membrane. Thus, the same instrument used as a tool to precisely penetrate/cut the membrane at the nanoscale level is employed to image the morphological responses to damage. These first high resolution AFM images of living chick dorsal root ganglion cells and cells of sympathetic ganglion and their growing processes provide confirmation of familiar morphologies. The increased resolution of the AFM revealed these structures to be significantly more complex and variable than anticipated. Moreover we describe novel, dynamic, and unreported architectures, particularly large dorsally projecting ridges, spines, and ribbons of cytoplasm that appear and disappear on the order of minutes. In addition, minute (ca. 100 nm) hair-like extensions of membrane along the walls of nerve processes that also shift in shape and density, appearing and disappearing over periods of minutes were seen. We also provide "real time'' images of the death of the neuron cell body after nano/micro scale damage to its membrane. These somas excreted their degraded cytoplasm, revealed as an enlarging pool beneath and around the cell. Conversely, identical injury, even repeated perforations and nanoslices, to the neurite's membrane do not lead to demise of the process. This experimental study not only provides unreported neurobiology and neurotrauma, but also emphasizes the unique versatility of AFM as an instrument that can (1) physically manipulate cells, (2) provide precise quantitative measurements of distance, surface area and volume at the nanoscale if required, (3) derive physiologically significant data such as membrane pressure and compliance, and (4) during the same period of study-provide unexcelled imaging of living samples.

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Section: Acute Cell Death After Mechanical Damage To the Membranementioning

confidence: 74%

Three-dimensional imaging of living and dying neurons with atomic force microscopy

McNally

Borgens

2004

J Neurocytol

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“…It is known from existing work on field exposure effects during cell electroporation and electrofusion that the membrane breakdown potential for mammalian cells is about 1 V for pulse signals [26,27], however, the authors are not aware of any studies on cell membrane breakdown characteristics in AC fields. Assuming that the breakdown voltage for our AC case is similar to that for pulse signals, one can see from Fig.…”

Section: Ac Field Induced Membrane Potential Did Not Cause the Observmentioning

confidence: 97%

“…Clearly, it is important to determine whether such field exposure induces undesirable effects on the cells, and if so, to identify conditions that avoid or minimize these negative effects. Extensive studies have been reported for cell field exposure to pulse and DC electrical fields applicable to electroporation and cell fusion [26][27][28][29][30][31][32][33][34][35][36][37][38][39][40]. These studies have shown that field exposure can alter cell membrane potential and membrane structure [28,[31][32][33], cause cells to deform [28,30,[32][33][34], increase cell membrane permeability [32][33][34]39], lead to reversible and irreversible dielectric breakdown of the cell membrane [26,27,39], and cause cellular DNA damage [36].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Extensive studies have been reported for cell field exposure to pulse and DC electrical fields applicable to electroporation and cell fusion [26][27][28][29][30][31][32][33][34][35][36][37][38][39][40]. These studies have shown that field exposure can alter cell membrane potential and membrane structure [28,[31][32][33], cause cells to deform [28,30,[32][33][34], increase cell membrane permeability [32][33][34]39], lead to reversible and irreversible dielectric breakdown of the cell membrane [26,27,39], and cause cellular DNA damage [36]. The extent of these negative effects depended on the signal voltage, the pulse duration and the ionic strength of the buffer [26][27][28][29][30][31][32][33][34][35][36][37][38].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…These studies have shown that field exposure can alter cell membrane potential and membrane structure [28,[31][32][33], cause cells to deform [28,30,[32][33][34], increase cell membrane permeability [32][33][34]39], lead to reversible and irreversible dielectric breakdown of the cell membrane [26,27,39], and cause cellular DNA damage [36]. The extent of these negative effects depended on the signal voltage, the pulse duration and the ionic strength of the buffer [26][27][28][29][30][31][32][33][34][35][36][37][38]. Generation of reactive oxygen intermediates (ROIs) [36] and phenomena resulting from their action on cells such as lipid peroxidation were also observed during electroporation experiments [29,37].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Role of peroxide in AC electrical field exposure effects on Friend murine erythroleukemia cells during dielectrophoretic manipulations

Wang

Yang

Gascoyne

1999

Biochimica Et Biophysica Acta (BBA) - General Subjects

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The effects of AC field exposure on the viability and proliferation of mammalian cells under conditions appropriate for their dielectrophoretic manipulation and sorting were investigated using DS19 murine erythroleukemia cells as a model system. The frequency range 100 Hz-10 MHz and medium conductivities of 10 mS/m, 30 mS/m and 56 mS/m were studied for fields generated by applying signals of up to 7V peak to peak (p-p) to a parallel electrode array having equal electrode widths and gaps of 100 μm. Between 1 kHz and 10 MHz, cell viability after up to 40 min of field exposure was found to be above 95% and cells were able to proliferate. However, cell growth lag phase was extended with decreasing field frequency and with increasing voltage, medium conductivity and exposure duration. Modified growth behavior was not passed on to the next cell passage, indicating that field exposure did not cause permanent alterations in cell proliferation characteristics. Cell membrane potentials induced by field exposure were calculated and shown to be well below values typically associated with cell damage. Furthermore, medium treated by field exposure and then added to untreated cells produced the same modifications of growth as exposing cells directly, and these modifications occurred only when the electrode polarization voltage exceeded a threshold of ~0.4 V p-p. These findings suggested that electrochemical products generated during field exposure were responsible for the changes in cell growth. Finally, it was found that hydrogen peroxide was produced when sugar-containing media were exposed to fields and that normal cell growth could be restored by addition of catalase to the medium, whether or not field exposure occurred in the presence of cells. These results show that AC fields typically used for dielectrophoretic manipulation and sorting of cells do not damage DS19 cells and that cell alterations arising from electrochemical effects can be completely mitigated.

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Electroporation of salmon sperm for gene transfer: Efficiency, reliability, and fate of transgene

Sin¹,

Walker²,

Symonds³

et al. 2000

Mol. Reprod. Dev.

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Formation and properties of aqueous leaks induced in human erythrocytes by electrical breakdown

Cited by 184 publications

References 28 publications

Three-dimensional imaging of living and dying neurons with atomic force microscopy

Three-dimensional imaging of living and dying neurons with atomic force microscopy

Role of peroxide in AC electrical field exposure effects on Friend murine erythroleukemia cells during dielectrophoretic manipulations

Electroporation of salmon sperm for gene transfer: Efficiency, reliability, and fate of transgene

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