FORMATION AND STRUCTURE OF THE SPORE OF <i>BACILLUS COAGULANS </i>

Ohye, D. F.; Murrell, W. G.

doi:10.1083/jcb.14.1.111

Cited by 71 publications

(39 citation statements)

References 28 publications

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“…Antigen could no longer be demonstrated in the spore cytoplasm after engulfment and maturation but was confined to the sporangial cytoplasm as postulated by Ohye & Murrell (1962). Although these materials have previously been called spore-protein precursors it is evident that they contain the antigenic determinants of the exosporium.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 84%

The Location of Bacterial Antigens on Sections of Bacillus cereus by Use of the Soluble Peroxidase---Anti-peroxidase Complex and Unlabelled Antibody

Short

Walker

1975

Journal of General Microbiology

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SUMMARYThe location of antigens on sections of bacteria using the soluble peroxidaseanti-peroxidase complex in conjunction with unlabelled antibody is described. Using this technique, spore antigens have been detected in the cytoplasm of vegetative cells during forespore septum formation and subsequent stages of sporulation. Antigenic sites were first associated with poly-beta-hydroxybutyric acid granules and subsequently were found in increasing quantities in the cytoplasm of the sporangium. Vegetative cell antigens were located on the cell wall and in the cortical region during sporulation. During germination antigens were located in the cortical region, and during outgrowth on the cell wall. These findings are discussed in the light of existing biochemical data.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 84%

The Location of Bacterial Antigens on Sections of Bacillus cereus by Use of the Soluble Peroxidase---Anti-peroxidase Complex and Unlabelled Antibody

Short

Walker

1975

Journal of General Microbiology

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“…Staining of the cortex is also explicable by reference to its mode of development and to chemical studies on disintegrated spores. It is known that the cortex is secreted between the two membranes of the fore-spore, which develops as an invagination of the cytoplasmic membrane (Fitz-James, 1960 ;Ohye & Murrell, 1962). The cortex is in close contact with the 'outer' side of the cytoplasmic membrane, which would normally be in contact with the bacterial cell wail and can thus be regarded, in part, as an endogenous cell wall (Warth, Ohye & Murrell, 1963 a, b).…”

Section: Staining For Rnucopolysaccharides 469 Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Location of Mucopolysaccharides on Ultrathin Sections of Bacteria by the Silver Methanamine Staining Technique

Walker

Short

1968

Journal of General Microbiology

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S U M M A R YThe silver methanamine technique was used to locate mucopolysaccharides in ultrathin sections of bacteria. Polysaccharides were located along the cell wall and developing cross-walls in young vegetative forms and along the developing cortex in sporulating bacilli. The results are discussed in relation to morphological and chemical studies. I N T R O D U C T I O NThe details of sporulation and germination in bacteria have been extensively studied by the technique of ultrathin sectioning. Species studied include both those in the genus

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“…(7,9,10,12), the forespore was initially formed at the terminal position of the bacterial cell, then it was engulfed by a bacterial membrane of the mother cell (Fig. 3).…”

Section: Sporulation Process Examined By Thin Sectioningmentioning

confidence: 99%

Electron Microscopic Examination of the Dormant Spore and the Sporulation of Paenibacillus motobuensis Strain MC10

Iida

Amako

Takade

et al. 2007

Microbiology and Immunology

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Spore-forming bacteria are generally stained Grampositively. However, spore-forming bacteria isolated from air and soil are often stained Gram-negatively. MC10 strain of Paenibacillus motobuensis is a newly isolated strain from soil compost in Okinawa, but is stained Gram-negatively though it produces definite endospores (8). This bacterium has a cell wall structure characteristic of ordinary Gram-positive bacteria according to electron microscopic examination (8). At present the mechanisms of Gram-negative stainability of this bacteria is not elucidated and we need more precise examination of the bacterial cell wall to elucidate it. Meanwhile, the morphological characteristics of the spore of this Gram-negative, spore-forming bacterium is also an interesting question. Thus in this report we examined by electron microscopy the structure of the spore and sporulation processes of this bacterium in order to learn whether the spore of this bacterium has a different structure or sporulation process from that of ordinary Gram-positive spore forming bacteria (7, 12). Materials and MethodsBacterial strains. Strain MC10 of Paenibacillus motobuensis (8) and W23 of Bacillus subtilis (3) were used. These strains were cultured on Luria agar plates (L-plate) at 37 C. The dormant spores of these strains were harvested from L-plates after 3 days of culture at 37 C. To examine an early stage of sporulation, the bacteria were harvested after 24 hr of culture.Electron microscopy: thin sectioning technique. For electron microscopic examination, the spore of MC10 strain was collected from the L-plate by scraping the colonies with a wire loop, suspended in phosphate Abstract: We previously reported a new species Paenibacillus motobuensis. The type strain MC10 was stained Gram-negative, but had a Gram-positive cell wall structure and its spore had a characteristic star shape. The spore and sporulation process of P. motobuensis strain MC10 were examined by electron microscopy using the technique of freeze-substitution in thin sectioning. The structure of the dormant spore was basically the same as that of the other Bacillus spp. The core of the spore was enveloped with two main spore components, the cortex and the spore coat. In thin section, the spore showed a star-shaped image, which was derived from the structure of the spore coat, which is composed of three layers, namely the inner, middle and outer spore coat. The middle coat was an electron-dense thick layer and had a characteristic ridge. By scanning electron microscopic observation, the ridges were seen running parallel to the long axis of the oval-shaped spore. The process of sporulation was essentially the same as that of the other Bacillus spp. The forespore was engulfed by the mother cell membrane, then the spore coat and the cortex were accumulated in the space between the mother cell membrane and forespore membrane. The mother cell membrane seemed to participate in the synthesis of the spore coat. MC10 strain showed almost identical heat resistance to that of B. subtilis.

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FORMATION AND STRUCTURE OF THE SPORE OF BACILLUS COAGULANS

Cited by 71 publications

References 28 publications

The Location of Bacterial Antigens on Sections of Bacillus cereus by Use of the Soluble Peroxidase---Anti-peroxidase Complex and Unlabelled Antibody

The Location of Bacterial Antigens on Sections of Bacillus cereus by Use of the Soluble Peroxidase---Anti-peroxidase Complex and Unlabelled Antibody

The Location of Mucopolysaccharides on Ultrathin Sections of Bacteria by the Silver Methanamine Staining Technique

Electron Microscopic Examination of the Dormant Spore and the Sporulation of Paenibacillus motobuensis Strain MC10

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