Formation, Flow, and Reabsorption of Cerebrospinal Fluid in Man.

Sweet, William H.; Locksley, Herbert B.

doi:10.3181/00379727-84-20659

Cited by 73 publications

(13 citation statements)

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“…In 1951 Courtice and Simmonds 12 analysed cervical lymph and blood after intrathecal instillation of dye-marked protein in cats and rabbits, and found that most protein passes directly into the blood. Sweet et al 45, 4s reported that H20 , mono-, and divalent ions freely passed across the choroid plexus and ependyma in hydrocephalic patients. These studies showed that the most appropriate tracer for the determination of CSF bulk flow and absorption was radioactively labelled albumin.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Acquired hydrocephalus IV. Determination of the absorption rate of albumin from the cerebrospinal fluid

Jensen

Olsen

1979

Acta neurochir

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By quantitative isotope ventriculography (QIV), the absorption rate (lambda 2) of albumin in the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) was determined. Regard was paid to the rate constants for the exchange of the albumin molecule between the serum and extravascular phase. The rate constant lambda 2 and mean biological transit time Tmb-2 were determined in 22 patients suspected of acquired hydrocephalus. QIV revealed that 8 patients were hydrocephalic, while 13 were non-hydrocephalic, and the findings were uncertain in one. In the patients with acquired hydrocephalus, it was demonstrated that lambda 2 and Tmb-2 were significantly reduced as compared with the non-hydrocephalic patients. By means of QIV, a curve was calculated and plotted for the biological decay from the head--the retention curve. From the initial slope of this curve (0--24 hours), the rate constant lambda 2 was calculated. A comparison of lambda 4 and lambd 2 revealed a highly significant correlation, which means that the retention curve gives an acceptable measure of the absorption rate of CSF-albumin.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Acquired hydrocephalus IV. Determination of the absorption rate of albumin from the cerebrospinal fluid

Jensen

Olsen

1979

Acta neurochir

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“…Certainly, movement of albumin out of c.s.f. has generally been considered to depend solely or largely on bulk flow (Sweet & Locksley, 1953;Van Wart, Dupont & Kraintz, 1961). If a specific mechanism were involved, it is unlikely that both radio-iodinated albumin and FITC-dextran of 1500,000 mol.wt.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The role of the lymphatic system in drainage of cerebrospinal fluid and aqueous humour.

Cole¹

1980

The Journal of Physiology

158

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SUMMARY1. The jugular lymphatic trunks were cannulated in anaesthetized rabbits and cats.Over 6-8 hr, the mean lymph flow was 2-3 gl. min-in the rabbit (one side only) and .5-0 ,sl. minm-in the cat (sum of both sides).2. After a single injection of radio-iodinated albumin into a lateral cerebral ventricle without significant rise in pressure, a mean of 14-4 % of the radioactivity was recovered in deep cervical lymph of one side in the rabbit and of 12-9 % in that of both sides in the cat. 5. No significant radioactivity, other than from blood, was detected in deep cervical lymph of the rabbit or in deep and superficial cervical lymph of the cat within 6 hr after injection of radio-iodinated albumin into the aqueous humour or orbital fat.6. Gradients of radioactivity in tissues within the orbit suggested that there is a small flow of c.s.f., 0-05-0-15 /t.l min-' in the rabbit, passing centrifugally along the subarachnoid space of the optic nerve, through the posterior part of the globe and into the orbital tissue. Also a small proportion of aqueous humour, 1-2 % or more, drains through the anterior sclera into the surrounding tissue. 7. A substantial quantity of cerebrospinal fluid drains into the deep cervical lymphatic system of the rabbit, 30 % or more, and of the cat, 10-15 % or more. The small component of aqueous humour drainage passing through the wall of the glove does not enter cervical lymph within 6 hr, if at all.

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“…The samples of cerebrospinal fluid withdrawn during the studies on the rabbit, being about 1 ml. in volume, were obviously mixtures of ventricular and subarachnoid fluids; there is no doubt, so far as "Na is concerned, that the ventricular fluid comes into more rapid equilibrium with the plasma than the subarachnoid fluid (Sweet, Selverstone, Solomon & Bakay, 1949;Tubiana, Benda & Constans, 1951;Davson, 1955), so that it is of interest to see whether Diamox influences the turnover of 2Na to a greater extent in the ventricles than in the subarachnoid space. In the following experiments the cerebrospinal fluid was withdrawn as two successive samples from the cisterna magna; the first, of only 0-25 ml., probably came mainly from the ventricles whilst the second, of approximately 075 ml., was mainly subarachnoid fluid.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The effect of acetazoleamide on the chemical composition of the aqueous humour and cerebrospinal fluid of some mammalian species and on the rate of turnover of ²⁴na in these fluids

Davson¹,

Luck²

1957

The Journal of Physiology

100

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The carbonic anhydrase inhibitor, acetazoleamide (Diamox), causes striking and sustained falls in both intraocular (Becker, 1954) and cerebrospinal fluid (Tschirgi, Frost & Taylor, 1954) pressures. The falls in pressure have been ascribed to decreased rates of production of fluid and it has been estimated that the decrease in rate of formation of the ocular fluid must amount to some 65 % of the normal (Becker, 1955;Becker & Constant, 1955); if the rate of drip from the subarachnoid space is any true record of the rate of production of the cerebrospinal fluid, the fall in rate is also of this order (Kister, 1956).It was considered that such large changes in the rates of flow might be reflected in measurable decreases in the rates of turnover of 24Na in the fluids; moreover, since these fluids normally have different concentrations of ions and non-electrolytes from those in a dialysate of plasma, changes in rate of flow, and thus of the average sojourn in their respective cavities, might influence the steady-state distributions between fluids and blood plasma. In the present work, the influence of Diamox on the rates of turnover of 24Na in the two fluids, and on the steady-state distributions of sugar, chloride and bicarbonate between plasma and the fluids, has been examined in several species. Changes in some of these steady-state distributions have been found, and the problem has been discussed as to whether they are consequences of a primary decrease in rate of flow, or primary effects of the drug on the secretory mechanisms involved in the elaboration of the fluids. METHODS Kinetic 8tudie8. The technique employed for rabbits was that described earlier (Davson, 1955), a steady concentration of "Na in the plasma being maintained by continuous intravenous infusion, and the aqueous humour and cerebrospinal fluid being withdrawn at stated times after

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Formation, Flow, and Reabsorption of Cerebrospinal Fluid in Man.

Cited by 73 publications

References 0 publications

Acquired hydrocephalus IV. Determination of the absorption rate of albumin from the cerebrospinal fluid

Acquired hydrocephalus IV. Determination of the absorption rate of albumin from the cerebrospinal fluid

The role of the lymphatic system in drainage of cerebrospinal fluid and aqueous humour.

The effect of acetazoleamide on the chemical composition of the aqueous humour and cerebrospinal fluid of some mammalian species and on the rate of turnover of ²⁴na in these fluids

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Formation, Flow, and Reabsorption of Cerebrospinal Fluid in Man.

Cited by 73 publications

References 0 publications

Acquired hydrocephalus IV. Determination of the absorption rate of albumin from the cerebrospinal fluid

Acquired hydrocephalus IV. Determination of the absorption rate of albumin from the cerebrospinal fluid

The role of the lymphatic system in drainage of cerebrospinal fluid and aqueous humour.

The effect of acetazoleamide on the chemical composition of the aqueous humour and cerebrospinal fluid of some mammalian species and on the rate of turnover of 24na in these fluids

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The effect of acetazoleamide on the chemical composition of the aqueous humour and cerebrospinal fluid of some mammalian species and on the rate of turnover of ²⁴na in these fluids