Formation Mechanism and Numerical Model of Quartz in Fine-Grained Organic-Rich Shales: A Case Study of Wufeng and Longmaxi Formations in Western Hubei Province, South China

Zhang, Bao; Yan, Detian; Drawarh, Hassan Jasmine; Yang, Xiangrong; He, Jin; Zhang, Liwei

doi:10.1007/s12583-019-1247-4

Cited by 12 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 49 publications

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“…The source rock data in the study area show that the kerogen carbon isotope values of the various marine source rocks exhibit different distribution ranges. The kerogen δ 13 C value of the Longtan Formation ranges from −23.0 ‰ to −24.8 ‰, that of the Mao‐1 member ranges from −29.4 ‰ to −27.1 ‰, that of the Longmaxi Formation ranges from −30.5 ‰ to −28.6 ‰, and that of the Qiongzhusi Formation ranges from −29.4 ‰ to −31.8 ‰ (Liu et al, 2020; Wu et al, 2020; Zhang et al, 2020; Zheng et al, 2020). Therefore, it is inferred that both the Mao‐1 member and the Longmaxi Formation may be the source rocks of the natural gas occurring in the Mao‐1 member.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A new type of unconventional gas reservoir from the nodular limestones of the Middle Permian Maokou Formation in the south‐eastern Sichuan Basin, south‐west China

Shan

Luo

et al. 2021

Geological Journal

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A set of nodular limestones was developed in the first member of the Middle Permian Maokou Formation (denoted as the Mao‐1 member) in the south‐eastern Sichuan Basin, south‐west China. Borehole coring has shown excellent signals of oil and gas from the Mao‐1 member carbonates, and many drilling wells have obtained industrial‐level gas flow. To assess the natural gas exploration potential of the Mao‐1 member in this area, sedimentary characteristics of drilling cores are described, and the formation mechanism of natural gas reservoir and its key controlling factors are also evaluated using data obtained from field geological survey, core observation, and laboratory experimental analysis. On this basis, the process of natural gas accumulation and evolution is examined. The results show that the Mao‐1 member nodular limestone comprises abundant marls and packstone to wackestone, and they were deposited in a lower part of the carbonate ramp setting. The marls exhibit rather high organic‐matter abundance and hydrocarbon generation capacity. Natural gas is mostly enriched in the marls developed talc diagenetic shrinkage pores and a certain number of organic‐matter pores, and their reservoir properties are much better than that of packstone‐wackestone. The natural gas in the Mao‐1 member is mainly self‐generated oil pyrolysis gas. The gas reservoir is characterized by the co‐existence of source rocks and reservoir, a lithology‐controlled reservoir, and a structure‐fracture‐controlled enrichment mechanism. Organic‐matter‐rich marl constitutes the material basis for natural gas accumulation. Talc diagenetic shrinkage pores provide storage space for natural gas. Preservation conditions are the key to natural gas accumulation, and natural fractures are beneficial to high gas production. The gas reservoir is characterized by early intraformational enrichment and late interformational adjustment. The finding of the nodular limestone gas reservoir of the Mao‐1 member provides new insights into unconventional gas exploration in the Sichuan Basin, and shows great potential for increasing natural gas reserves and production in China.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A new type of unconventional gas reservoir from the nodular limestones of the Middle Permian Maokou Formation in the south‐eastern Sichuan Basin, south‐west China

Shan

Luo

et al. 2021

Geological Journal

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“…Moreover, the mineral assemblages of shale is proven to be related to the paleoenvironmental conditions. For example, in the Longmaxi Formation at the Sichuan Basin and the Youganwo Formation at the Maoming Basin, TOC of shales is controlled by paleo-redox conditions, paleo-productivity, sedimentary rate, and fluctuation of water level [27,28]. Overall, previous studies about controlling factors for pore development in shale are mainly focused on mature to overmature shale, specifically about the effects of thermal evolution of organic matter, mineral compositions, and diagenetic processes.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Paleo-Environment Induced Full-Scale Pore Variation in the Low Matured Shale: A Case Study of the Third Member of the Jiufotang Formation at the Lujiapu Rift Basin, Northeast China

Li,

Guo,

Liu

et al. 2023

Minerals

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Shale in the third member of the Jiufotang Formation at the Lujiapu Rift Basin is a new potential target for shale oil exploration and has rarely been studied before. In order to study pore structure and its controlling factors, shale compositions are mainly analyzed by X-ray Diffraction (XRD), and the characterization of full-scale pore structures is studied by the field-emission scanning electron microscope (FE-SEM), low-temperature N2 adsorption, and high-pressure mercury intrusion porosimetry (high-pressure MIP). According to composition and micro-texture, shale samples in the third member of the Jiufotang Formation are classified into three types: laminated organic matter-lean shale (TOC < 2%), unlaminated organic matter-intermediate shale (2% < TOC < 4%) and laminated organic matter-rich shale (TOC > 4%). Most shale samples are dominated by interparticle pores, with many of them filled by diagenetic minerals. All the shale samples are most developed in mesopores, whose development is mainly controlled by quartz content. And macropores with a diameter of 10,000 nm~100,000 nm are the secondary developed pores, which are influenced by both the paleoenvironment and diagenesis (especially clay transformation). Full-scale pore variations in laminated organic matter-lean shale, unlaminated organic matter-intermediate shale, and laminated organic matter-rich shale are ultimately related to their paleoenvironments.

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“…In recent years, continental shale oil exploration in China has made remarkable progress in the Bohai Bay Basin, Ordos Basin, Junggar Basin, Songliao Basin, and other basins, where more and more attention has been attracted by the formation conditions of organic‐matter‐rich shale (H. T. Liu et al, 2019; X. Y. Liu et al, 2020; Yang et al, 2016; J. L. Zhang et al, 2019; B. Zhang, Yan, et al, 2020; Z. F. Zhang, Xu et al, 2020; Zhi et al, 2019; Zhu et al, 2018; Zou et al, 2019). The mudstone of the third member of Shahejie Formation (Es3) in the Nanpu Sag is characterized by high total organic carbon content (TOC), hydrocarbon generation, and expulsion capacity (E. Z. Wang et al, 2019), which is considered as a potential exploration target of shale oil.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Depositional environment and sediment provenance of the third member of the Palaeogene Shahejie Formation in the Nanpu Sag of the Bohai Bay Basin, eastern China: Evidence from trace and rare earth element geochemistry

et al. 2021

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The depositional environment and sediment provenance of the third member of Palaeogene Shahejie Formation (Es3) in the Nanpu Sag of the Bohai Bay Basin, eastern China, are reconstructed by analysing trace element and rare earth element (REE), and the formation mechanism of organic‐matter‐rich shales of the same member is also evaluated. These results show that the terrigenous detrital supply in the Nanpu Sag was relatively sufficient during the Es3 interval, and the total REE contents range from 148.23 to 319.28 ppm, close to or higher than that of the upper crust. The Sr concentrations are 214.22–525.54 ppm and the Sr/Ba ratios are 0.31–0.74, which represent the coexistence of fresh, brackish, and saline waters during the Es3 interval. The V/(V + Ni) ratios of 0.71–0.82, Th/U ratios of 0.82–4.05, and positive δCe anomaly confirm that the water column was suboxic condition, with moderate stratification during the Es3 interval. Comparison of REE behaviours suggests that the Es3 sediments were primarily derived from Yanshanian granites at the Yanshanian fold belt at the active continental margin. The development of organic‐matter‐rich shales in the Es3 member in the Nanpu Sag was closely related to major palaeoenvironmental and palaeogeographical variations in that time, which can be summarized: (a) suitable palaeosalinity as well as sufficient nutrients in water column contributed to the boom of various planktonic algae, improving the production efficiency of aquatic organic matter; (b) suboxic water column slowed down the degradation of oxygen‐sensitive materials during the burial process, enhancing the preservation efficiency of aquatic organic matter.

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Formation Mechanism and Numerical Model of Quartz in Fine-Grained Organic-Rich Shales: A Case Study of Wufeng and Longmaxi Formations in Western Hubei Province, South China

Cited by 12 publications

References 49 publications

A new type of unconventional gas reservoir from the nodular limestones of the Middle Permian Maokou Formation in the south‐eastern Sichuan Basin, south‐west China

A new type of unconventional gas reservoir from the nodular limestones of the Middle Permian Maokou Formation in the south‐eastern Sichuan Basin, south‐west China

Paleo-Environment Induced Full-Scale Pore Variation in the Low Matured Shale: A Case Study of the Third Member of the Jiufotang Formation at the Lujiapu Rift Basin, Northeast China

Depositional environment and sediment provenance of the third member of the Palaeogene Shahejie Formation in the Nanpu Sag of the Bohai Bay Basin, eastern China: Evidence from trace and rare earth element geochemistry

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