Formation mechanism of primary phases and eutectic structures within undercooled Pb-Sb-Sn ternary alloys

Dai, Fu–Ping; Wei, B.

doi:10.1007/s11433-007-0046-6

Cited by 12 publications

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“…The occurrence of invariant quasi-peritectic reaction depends on the solidification path. The similar phenomenon was also observed in other ternary alloy systems, such as Ta-Al-Fe [5] , Pb-Sn-Sb [14] and Nb-Al-Co [7] , et al…”

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confidence: 83%

Solidification sequence and as-cast microstructure of a model Pb-Bi-Sn alloy with quasi-peritectic reaction

et al. 2019

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I n the past few decades, the solidification behavior of binary alloys with dendritic, eutectic or peritectic reactions has been widely investigated. However, the alloys for industrial application are multicomponent alloys. The quasi-peritectic reaction, which was defined as: L+α→β+γ, where L indicates the liquid phase, and α, β, and γ indicate the solid phases, are usually observed during solidification of multicomponent alloys. For example, G. Sha et al. [1] investigated the as-cast microstructure of Al-Si-Fe alloys, and found two quasiperitectic reactions: L+Al 13 Fe 4 →α-AlFeSi+α-Al and L+α-AlFeSi→β-AlFeSi+α-Al. Additionally, the quasiperitectic reaction was also observed during solidification of solder alloys, such as Cu-Ni-Sn [2] , Pb-Bi-Sn [3] and Cu-Sn-Zn [4]. Recently, refractory alloys, such as Ta-Al-Fe [5, 6] and Nb-Al-Co [7] , which were treated as the potential high-temperature structural materials, also exhibit quasi-peritectic reaction. The solidification behavior of ternary alloys are much more complicated than the counterpart of binary alloys. Particularly, the solidification parameters, such as thermal gradient and cooling rate, have strong effects on the morphology, size,

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 83%

Solidification sequence and as-cast microstructure of a model Pb-Bi-Sn alloy with quasi-peritectic reaction

et al. 2019

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“…When 78 K≤ΔT≤171 K, its refined θ (Al 2 Cu) phase grows alternatively with α(Al) phase. Once ΔT≥171 K, its microstructure is characterized by the anomalous (θ+α+ξ) ternary eutectic.Al-Cu-Ag, free fall, nucleation, ternary eutectic, rapid solidification, high undercoolingRecently, there is an extensive study of the rapid solidification of undercooled metallic melt [1][2][3][4][5][6][7][8] . However, its solidification theory is not mature and limited to the solidification processes of pure metal or binary alloy.…”

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Rapid solidification of Al-Cu-Ag ternary alloy under the free fall condition

Dai

Wei

2009

Sci. China Ser. G-Phys. Mech. Astron.

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The rapid solidification of Al-30%Cu-18%Ag ternary alloy is investigated by using the free fall method. Its solidified microstructure is composed of θ(Al 2 Cu), α(Al) and ξ(Ag 2 Al) phases. The liquidus temperature and solidus temperature are determined as 778 and 827 K, respectively. The alloy melt undercooled amounts up to ΔT Max =171 K (0.20T L ). Its microstructural evolution is investigated based on the theoretical analysis of undercooling behavior and nucleation mechanics. It is found that the undercooling increases with the decrease of the diameter of the alloy droplet. When ΔT<78 K, the primary θ (Al 2 Cu) phase of the alloy grows into coarse dendrite. When 78 K≤ΔT≤171 K, its refined θ (Al 2 Cu) phase grows alternatively with α(Al) phase. Once ΔT≥171 K, its microstructure is characterized by the anomalous (θ+α+ξ) ternary eutectic.Al-Cu-Ag, free fall, nucleation, ternary eutectic, rapid solidification, high undercoolingRecently, there is an extensive study of the rapid solidification of undercooled metallic melt [1][2][3][4][5][6][7][8] . However, its solidification theory is not mature and limited to the solidification processes of pure metal or binary alloy. The precise theory of rapid solidification of multicomponent and multiphase alloy has not been established, and there is no way to precisely describe the crystal nucleation and microstructural evolution. The metallic materials in industrial use are usually multicomponent and multiphase alloys. As for Al-Cu-Ag ternary alloy, Ag and Cu present excellent electric conductivity and mechanical ductility, and Al is the matrix of lightweight metallic materials. The Al-Cu-Ag ternary alloy is an important component of industrial aluminum alloys [9,10] . There is a great deal of research on its conventional solidification and properties, but there is little research on the rapid solidification under high undercooling conditions. Under the equilibrium solidification condition, the Al-Cu-Ag ternary alloy has many varieties of liquid-solid phase transitions [11,12] . When T=774 K, the ternary eutectic transition L→α+θ+ξ happens to the Al-Cu-Ag ternary alloy. When T=871 K, the typical ternary peritectic transition L+ξ+ε→ξ 2 takes place. When T = 808 K, there is the typical ternary peri-eutectic transition L+η→θ+ξ. Therefore, the Al-Cu-Ag alloy is usually used to study the rapid solidification of the ternary alloy of various crystalline growth varieties. The temperature of these phase transitions falls within medium temperature range is therefore suitable for space experiments. In this way, we can compare the space experiments and ground experiments to reveal the rapid solidification mechanisms of the ternary alloy. Wilde et al. [13,14] explored the nucleation character of α(Al) and θ(Al 2 Cu) phases in the bulk Al-Cu-Ag alloy by using the spatial microgravity of the MAXUS rocket, but he did not obtain the experimental results under the high undercooling condition. In this paper, we study the rapid solidification of the Al-30%Cu-18%Ag ternary alloy, which lies in th...

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