Formation of 26.8–26.9 σ<sub>θ</sub> water in the Kuril Basin of the Sea of Okhotsk as a possible origin of North Pacific Intermediate Water

Watanabe, Teruhisa; Wakatsuchi, Masaaki

doi:10.1029/97jc02914

Cited by 93 publications

(71 citation statements)

References 14 publications

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“…This zone consists of fresh-water discharged from the Amur River, and the salty Soya Warm Current originating in the Tsushima Warm Current in the Japan Sea. It has been suggested that the growth of sea-ice in the area leads to the formation of dense, saline shelf waters during the winter periods, while intermediate water formation during the summer periods might be associated with the salty Soya Warm Current (Watanabe and Wakatsuchi 1998).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Reconstruction of Oceanographic Changes Based on the Diatom Records of the Central Okhotsk Sea over the last 500000 Years

Wang¹,

Wang²

2008

Terr. Atmos. Ocean. Sci.

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This study provides insight into changes in sea ice conditions and the oceanographic environment over the past 500 kyr through analysis of the diatom record. Based on the relative abundance of 13 diatoms species in piston core MD012414, four types of environmental conditions in the central Okhotsk Sea over the last 330 ka BP have been distinguished: (1) open-ocean alternating with seasonal sea-ice cover in Stages 9, 5, and 1; (2) almost open-ocean free of sea-ice cover in Stages 7 and 3; (3) perennial sea-ice cover in Stages 6, 4, and 2; and (4) a warm ice-age dominated by open ocean assemblages in Stage 8. The littoral diatom species, Paralia sulcata, showed a sudden increase from the glacial period to the interglacial period over the last 330 ka BP, except during Stage 8. Such a result implies that melting sea-ice transported terrigenous materials from the north Okhotsk Sea continental shelves to the central ocean during deglaciation. From Stage 13 to Stage 10, however, cold and warm marine conditions unexpectedly occurred in the late interglacial periods and the glacial periods, respectively. One possible reason for this is a lack of age control points from Stage 13 to Stage 10, and the different sediment accumulation rates between glacial and interglacial periods. This study suggests not only the process by which oceanographic variation of sea ice occurred, but also new significance for Paralia sulcata as an indicator in the diatom record of the Okhotsk Sea.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Reconstruction of Oceanographic Changes Based on the Diatom Records of the Central Okhotsk Sea over the last 500000 Years

Wang¹,

Wang²

2008

Terr. Atmos. Ocean. Sci.

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“…The Sea of Okhotsk located in the northwestern Pacific rim has recently been suggested to regulate the carbon cycles in the North Pacific, because it is the place where the North Pacific Intermediate Waters (NPIW) forms, and because its hydrologic structure causes high levels of primary productivity and subsequent export flux of organic carbon to the sea floor (Honda et al, 1997;Honjo, *Now at CEREGE, Universite d'Aix-Marseille III, CNRS UMR-6635, Europole de l'Arbois, BP80, 13545 Aix-en-Provence cdx 4, France **Now at Department of Marine Chemistry and Geochemistry, Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution, Woods Hole, MA 02543, U.S.A. must have precluded the advection in the Okhotsk Sea of dense waters derived from the Japan Sea through the Soya Strait, an essential feature for the formation of intermediate waters at present time (Watanabe and Wakatsuchi, 1998). During the LGM a drastic decrease in the sea surface temperature (SST) may in turn have induced more seaice generation and subsequent brine rejection in winter.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…1997; Watanabe and Wakatsuchi, 1998). The extended sea-ice cover that accounts for more than 80% of its surface in winter is another feature of the Okhotsk Sea.…”

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confidence: 99%

Alkenone sea surface temperature in the Okhotsk Sea for the last 15 kyr.

et al. 2000

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A sediment core collected from the Sea of Okhotsk, a marginal sea of the western North Pacific, has been analyzed for alkenones to reconstruct changes in the sea surface temperatures (SST) over the last 15 kyrs. A comparison of the core-top U 37 K′ value with the modern surface temperatures indicates that alkenones are produced at present in summer-fall season, a production seasonality probably identical to the one prevailing in the past, as suggested by evidences of enhanced sea ice cover and subsequent limitation of the phytoplankton growth period to summer-fall at the glacial/deglacial transition. The alkenone downcore profile indicated that summer SST at the early deglaciation period (15 kyrs BP) were around 5°C lower than today (ca. 11°C). A rapid SST increase (more than 3°C) was found to occur from 13

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“…In the Okhotsk Sea, another subarctic marginal sea of North Pacific, Watanabe and Wakatsuchi [1998] Table 1). The four rectangles denote the TWCW, JSIW, HSIW, and UJSPW.…”

Section: A Possible Formation Mechanism Of Hsiwmentioning

confidence: 99%

High‐salinity intermediate water of the Japan Sea in the eastern Japan Basin

Watanabe¹,

Hirai²,

Yamada³

2001

J. Geophys. Res.

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Abstract. Conductivity-temperature-depth data from the midwinter in 1997 are examined for the presence of the intermediate water in the eastern Japan Basin, in the northern part of the Japan Sea. Three different water masses can be detected with salinity extrema at intermediate depths between the main pycnocline and the upper portion of the Japan Sea Proper Water (UJSPW). The shallower salinity maximum and the middle salinity minimum can be identified as the Tsushima Warm Current Water (TWCW) and Japan Sea Intermediate Water, respectively. The deeper salinity maximum water, with high temperature and high dissolved oxygen, is identified as High-Salinity Intermediate Water (HSIW) and has density similar to UJSPW (27.30-27.33 o0). Isopycnal analyses indicate that HSIW flows southeastward from the Siberian coast, where TWCW outcrops and has an opportunity to become denser by direct cooling. We conclude that TWCW is the origin of HSIW, which in turn, is a source for UJSPW.

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Formation of 26.8–26.9 σ_θ water in the Kuril Basin of the Sea of Okhotsk as a possible origin of North Pacific Intermediate Water

Cited by 93 publications

References 14 publications

Reconstruction of Oceanographic Changes Based on the Diatom Records of the Central Okhotsk Sea over the last 500000 Years

Reconstruction of Oceanographic Changes Based on the Diatom Records of the Central Okhotsk Sea over the last 500000 Years

Alkenone sea surface temperature in the Okhotsk Sea for the last 15 kyr.

High‐salinity intermediate water of the Japan Sea in the eastern Japan Basin

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Formation of 26.8–26.9 σθ water in the Kuril Basin of the Sea of Okhotsk as a possible origin of North Pacific Intermediate Water

Cited by 93 publications

References 14 publications

Reconstruction of Oceanographic Changes Based on the Diatom Records of the Central Okhotsk Sea over the last 500000 Years

Reconstruction of Oceanographic Changes Based on the Diatom Records of the Central Okhotsk Sea over the last 500000 Years

Alkenone sea surface temperature in the Okhotsk Sea for the last 15 kyr.

High‐salinity intermediate water of the Japan Sea in the eastern Japan Basin

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Formation of 26.8–26.9 σ_θ water in the Kuril Basin of the Sea of Okhotsk as a possible origin of North Pacific Intermediate Water