Formation of a Mechanism for Regulating Foreign Economic Activity of Ukraine

Abstract

The theoretical foundations of the mechanisms of state regulation of foreign economic activity are considered and specified. It is proved that the State regulation of foreign economic activity should be considered in two aspects: in a broad sense -from the standpoint of the regulatory influence of the State on foreign economic activity in general, and in a narrow sense -as the development and implementation of a certain foreign economic policy. State regulation of foreign economic activity is defined as a system of measures applied within the framework of the components of the State's foreign economic policy with respect to various operations of business entities in the foreign market aimed at supporting foreign economic relations and the country's effective participation in the processes of international division of labor in accordance with national interests.The author characterizes the main reasons that stimulate the development of foreign economic relations, which include the following: uneven economic development of different countries of the world; differences in raw materials; differences in human resources; uneven distribution of financial resources; nature of political relations; different levels of scientific and technological development; specific geographical location, natural and climatic conditions. The processes of outstripping the development of imports over exports are highlighted. The directions of development of the characteristics of the balance of foreign trade operations are determined. High levels of export and import dependence of the country are demonstrated, which leads to vulnerability to external shocks and instability in the world. The author emphasizes the prospects of relations with this group of countries in terms of adopting the experience of their preparation for EU accession. The processes of improvement or deterioration of the terms of trade in terms of changes in export and import prices and in terms of changes in the physical volume of exports and imports are studied on the example of the group of dairy products, which are widely represented among both export and import goods of Ukraine. The results of the study can be used in the implementation of foreign trade policy at the macro level.