Formation of ethyl acetate by Kluyveromyces marxianus on whey during aerobic batch and chemostat cultivation at iron limitation

Löser, Christian; Urit, Thanet; Förster, Sylvia; Stukert, Anton; Bley, Thomas

doi:10.1007/s00253-012-4205-y

Cited by 33 publications

(53 citation statements)

References 45 publications

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“…Precipitated minerals were allowed to settle overnight before the upper phase was withdrawn for cultivation experiments. Nonsupplemented DW medium should not be confused with DW basic medium (as used in [11][12][13][14]16]) which contains 10 g/L (NH 4 ) 2 SO 4 .…”

Section: Non-supplemented Dw Mediummentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Various yeast species can synthesize ethyl acetate (reviewed by Löser et al [9]), but only Pichia anomala, Candida utilis, and Kluyveromyces marxianus produce this ester in larger amounts. K. marxianus is the most promising candidate for large-scale ester production since this dairy yeast with GRAS status grows quickly, converts sugar directly into ethyl acetate without ethanol as an essential intermediate, and produces the ester with a high rate and yield [9][10][11][12][13][14][15][16][17]. The ester synthesis in K. marxianus is easy to control by the level of iron [11,13,[16][17][18].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 98%

“…The right balance between yeast growth and ester synthesis or, in other words, a compromise between a quick process and a high ester yield is of practical importance. This balance can be controlled by the available iron [13,16,23].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…K. marxianus is the most promising candidate for large-scale ester production since this dairy yeast with GRAS status grows quickly, converts sugar directly into ethyl acetate without ethanol as an essential intermediate, and produces the ester with a high rate and yield [9][10][11][12][13][14][15][16][17]. The ester synthesis in K. marxianus is easy to control by the level of iron [11,13,[16][17][18]. K. marxianus exhibits a distinct thermal tolerance which allows cultivation at an elevated temperature [14,19,20] which in turn accelerates the ester stripping and advances its process-integrated recovery.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Whey was often supplemented with ammonium as a source of nitrogen to stimulate growth of K. marxianus [10][11][12][13][14]16,27,29,[31][32][33][34][35][36][37]. Added ammonium increased the yield of biomass [27,32,35] or was without significant effect [29,31,36].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Efficient growth of Kluyveromyces marxianus biomass used as a biocatalyst in the sustainable production of ethyl acetate

et al. 2015

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Background: Whey is just turning from a waste of milk processing to a renewable raw material in biotechnology for producing single-cell protein, bio-ethanol, or ethyl acetate as an economic alternative. Conversion of whey-borne sugar into ethyl acetate requires yeast biomass as a biocatalyst. A high cell concentration results in a quick ester synthesis, but biomass growth means consumption of sugar at the expense of ester production. Efficient and cost-saving biomass production is thus a practical requirement. Whey is poor in nitrogen and has therefore to be supplemented with a bioavailable N source. Methods: Several aerobic growth tests were performed with Kluyveromyces marxianus DSM 5422 as a potent producer of ethyl acetate in whey-borne media supplemented with various N sources. Preliminary tests were done in shake flasks while detailed studies were performed in a stirred bioreactor.

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Section: Non-supplemented Dw Mediummentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 98%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 3 more Smart Citations

Efficient growth of Kluyveromyces marxianus biomass used as a biocatalyst in the sustainable production of ethyl acetate

et al. 2015

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Advanced downstream processing for sustainable ethyl acetate production by fermentation

Janković,

Straathof,

Kiss

2024

AIChE Journal

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Ethyl acetate is a platform chemical conventionally obtained through fossil fuel routes, but more recently its production by fermentation from carbohydrates has been scaled up to a pilot scale. Yet, the complexity of downstream processing (low product concentrations in liquid broth and in off‐gas, azeotrope formation, and the presence of microorganisms) may complicate industrial application. This original theoretical study is the first to develop advanced downstream processing, based on process intensification principles, for large‐scale recovery (~10 kton/year) of ethyl acetate after fermentation. To minimize product losses, ethyl acetate is separated from both the liquid broth and off‐gas. The final purification is performed in a highly integrated azeotropic dividing‐wall column. The economic and sustainability analysis shows that using refrigeration for initial product separation from the gas phase is more cost‐effective (~0.61 $/kg) and less energy‐intensive (2.20–2.40 kWthh/kg) than compression combined with high‐pressure condensation using chilled water (1.09 $/kg and 9.98 kWthh/kg).

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Formation of ethyl acetate by Kluyveromyces marxianus on whey: Influence of aeration and inhibition of yeast growth by ethyl acetate

Urit

Manthey

Bley

et al. 2013

Engineering in Life Sciences

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The ability of the yeast Kluyveromyces marxianus to convert lactose into ethyl acetate offers good opportunities for the economical reuse of whey. The formation of ethyl acetate as a bulk product depends on aerobic conditions. Aeration of the bioreactor results in discharge of the volatile ester with the exhaust gas that allows its process‐integrated recovery. The influence of aeration (varied from 10 to 50 L/h) was investigated during batch cultivation of K. marxianus DSM 5422 in 0.6 L whey‐borne medium using a stirred reactor. With lower aeration rates, the ester accumulated in the bioreactor and reached higher concentrations in the culture medium and the off gas. A high ester concentration in the gas phase is considered beneficial for ester recovery from the gas, while a high ester concentration in the medium inhibited yeast growth and slowed down the process. To further investigate this effect, the inhibition of growth by ethyl acetate was studied in a sealed cultivation system. Here, increasing ester concentrations caused a nearly linear decrease of the growth rate with complete inhibition at concentrations greater than 17 g/L ethyl acetate. Both the cultivation process and the growth rate depending on ethyl acetate were described by mathematical models. The simulated processes agreed well with the measured data.

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Formation of ethyl acetate by Kluyveromyces marxianus on whey during aerobic batch and chemostat cultivation at iron limitation

Cited by 33 publications

References 45 publications

Efficient growth of Kluyveromyces marxianus biomass used as a biocatalyst in the sustainable production of ethyl acetate

Efficient growth of Kluyveromyces marxianus biomass used as a biocatalyst in the sustainable production of ethyl acetate

Advanced downstream processing for sustainable ethyl acetate production by fermentation

Formation of ethyl acetate by Kluyveromyces marxianus on whey: Influence of aeration and inhibition of yeast growth by ethyl acetate

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