Formation of Haploid Embryoids of Larix Decidua: Early Embryogenesis

Aderkas, Patrick von; Bonga, J. M.

doi:10.1002/j.1537-2197.1988.tb13491.x

Cited by 30 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 24 publications

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“…3. Von Aderkas & Bonga [22] observed similar initial structures leading to gametophytic embryoid development. These independent globular meristematic nests developed into bi-polar embryoidal structures, while still being surrounded by a loose network of cells (Figs 4, 6 and 7).…”

mentioning

confidence: 65%

“…Somatic embryogenesis was reported for several woody angiosperms [2,10,19] and gymnosperms [3,4], while Bonga & co-workers described embryogenesis from megagametophytic tissue in two conifers [12,22].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…For example we could not detect suspensors in our samples and cotyledons did not develop. However, it is well established that induced embryogenesis and zygotic embryogenesis can be quite dissimilar [22,26].…”

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confidence: 99%

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Induction of haploids in Populus maximowiczii via embryogenic callus

Stoehr

Zsuffa

1990

Plant Cell Tiss Organ Cult

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Anthers of Populus maximowiczii with microspores at the mononucleate stage were cultured at 20°C in the dark on agar-solidified Murashige and Skoog medium after 4 days of cold treatment (4°C). After 4 to 8 weeks anthers on medium supplemented with 0.5, 1.0 or 2.0mg 1 -~ 2,4-D in combination with 0.1 mg 1 -~ kinetin developed calli that were characterized by smooth surface and gel-like consistency. These calli were comprised of expanding microspores surrounded by a mucilaginous matrix. After transfer of anthers with embryogenic calli to MS medium with low hormone levels (NAA at 0, 0.1 and 0.1 mg 1-l and BA at 0, 0.1 and 1.0 mg 1-1 ) microspores started to divide and initiated independent meristematic nests, which developed into embryoidal structures, resembling globular to bi-polar heart-shaped embryoids. The embryoids germinated precociously without developing cotyledons. After transfer to medium with a range of levels of BA (1.0, 2.5 and 5.0 mg l-t), adventitious shoots developed mainly from the roots. Shoots were rooted in half strength MS medium supplemented with 0.025mg 1-1 NAA. Via this pathway anther response in the best treatment combination was 10%.

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confidence: 65%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Induction of haploids in Populus maximowiczii via embryogenic callus

Stoehr

Zsuffa

1990

Plant Cell Tiss Organ Cult

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“…Somatic embryogenesis in Larix species has been reported from embryos embedded in female megagametophytes of L. decidua Mill. (von Aderkas and Bonga 1988), L. · leptoeuropaea (Lelu et al 1994), L. occidentalis (Thompson and von Aderkas 1992) and L. · laricina (Klimaszewska et al 1997a). In the case of L. leptolepis, somatic embryogenesis and plantlet regeneration has been described by our group (Kim et al 1999).…”

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confidence: 98%

Enhancement of somatic embryogenesis and plant regeneration in Japanese larch (Larix leptolepis)

Kim¹,

Moon²

2007

Plant Cell Tiss Organ Cult

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Different nitrogen sources, abscisic acid (ABA), gellan gum at various concentrations, and osmotica were evaluated for their effects on maturation of somatic embryo (SE) in Japanese larch (Larix leptolepis). Different concentrations of L-glutamine or casein hydrolysate (CH) in the medium were also compared. The highest number of matured embryos was obtained with ½ Litvay (LM) medium supplemented with 1.71 mM Lglutamine and 250 mg l -1 CH. In terms of osmoticum effect, the highest number of cotyledonary SEs was produced in medium containing 0.2 M maltose. As for the effects of ABA and gellan gum concentration, the highest number of cotyledonary SEs was achieved on a medium containing 60 lM ABA and 0.8% gellan gum. In addition, the best plantlet conversion frequency (35.5%) was obtained with SEs derived from the treatment with 60 lM ABA and 0.8% gellan gum.

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“…Stage 1 tissue had extremely low A, probably reflecting either minimal cell wall development or minimal development of waterbinding components such as pectin within the cell wall matrix. Previous light and electron microscopy of tissue (25,33) indicated that there were no secondary wall structures and that cell wall volume was less than 10% of the total cell volume.…”

Section: Generation Of Water Release Curvesmentioning

confidence: 97%

Water Relation Parameters of Embryogenic Cultures and Seedlings of Larch

Livingston

Aderkas²,

Fuchs³

et al. 1992

Plant Physiol.

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Changes in the water relations parameters of developing somatic embryogenic and xygotic European larch (Larix decidua) were studied. Water release curves were generated by suspending tissue samples over unsaturated NaCI solutions until they reached vapor equilibration with the surrounding air. Twenty solutions were used whose water potentials ranged from -0.05 to -10 MPa. Water release curves were obtained by plotting paired values of tissue relative water content (RWC) and solution potential. Curves were derived for embryonic larch at various stages of development and for hypocotyls and roots from germinated zygotic and somatic embryos. The ability to resist dehydration increased markedly with development. Stage 1 tissue, which consisted of clusters of loosely associated nonchlorophyllous cells, had extremely low bulk elastic modulus (e) (1.91 MPa) and apoplastic water content (A) (0.023), relatively high osmotic potential (war) , and lost turgor at 0.56 RWC. In contrast, mature embryoids with primary roots, hypocotyl, and cotyledons (stage 3) had an almost 4-fold increase in A (0.089), significantly higher (3.49 MPa), and lower *,I (-0.88 MPa) and lost turgor at 0.66 RWC. Hypocotyl tissue from germinated somatic embryos lost turgor at 0.74 RWC and had higher E, A, and solute accumulation than pregerminated tissue. Hypocotyl tissue resisted dehydration more strongly than root tissue, and differences between root and hypocotyl water relation parameters were more pronounced in xygotic than in somatic seedlings. Highest dehydration resistance was in zygotic hypocotyls. The characterization of the water relations of tissue cultures should allow the development of more consistent and reliable desiccation protocols to induce maturation of embryos and produce synchronously germinating seed.Cultured cells are usually characterized by their morphological, ultrastructural, and biochemical traits. Generally, their physiological characteristics, in particular their water relations, receive much less attention (29) in spite of the obvious influence that the culture media must have on tissue water potential.Cultured cells are typically grown in a medium with a low *,, resulting from high concentrations of salts, organic nitrogen sources, and sugars. These potentials, which are lower than those encountered by roots in soil, may be critical in determining cell growth and differentiation. To date, few l Abbreviations: T,, osmotic potential; c, bulk elastic modules; A, apoplastic water content; I, water potential; RWC, relative water content.

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Formation of Haploid Embryoids of Larix Decidua: Early Embryogenesis

Cited by 30 publications

References 24 publications

Induction of haploids in Populus maximowiczii via embryogenic callus

Induction of haploids in Populus maximowiczii via embryogenic callus

Enhancement of somatic embryogenesis and plant regeneration in Japanese larch (Larix leptolepis)

Water Relation Parameters of Embryogenic Cultures and Seedlings of Larch

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