“…For industrial applications, colloids are becoming relevant at the multiple-gram-scale, which recently became accessible by LSPC. , Because the processing parameters (e.g., bulk target, solvent and solutes, and system temperature and pressure) and laser parameters (e.g., wavelength, pulse duration, pulse energy, repetition rate, and number of laser pulses) can be flexibly adjusted, a library of NMs covering nearly the entire periodic table can be produced . In addition to the crystalline spheres that are usually generated, soluble, reactive, or supersaturated seed concentrations during LSPC may lead to the formation of nonspherical NMs through ripening, and the resulting morphologies include fractal, − hexagonal, flower-like, , football-like, fullerene-like, leaf-like, nanocube, − nanowire, − nanospindle, , nanoribbon, hollow, − core–shell, − necklace, nanotruffle, nanosheet, − tubular, and nanodisk . These features of LSPC have recently stimulated product commercialization by start-ups on at least three continents, including Particular GmbH in Germany and in-house spin-offs at IMRA in the USA and Hamamatsu Nanotechnology in Japan.…”