Formation of Candida albicans biofilms on non‐shedding oral surfaces

Abstract

The aim of this investigation was to determine the ability of Candida albicans to form biofilms on enamel, dentine and denture acrylic of various surface roughnesses. Biofilms of C. albicans were grown on various materials in a constant depth film fermenter (CDFF) and maintained with artificial saliva. Enamel, dentine and denture acrylic were prepared to the same surface roughness using silicon carbide grit. In a separate experiment, denture acrylic was prepared to different surface roughnesses. At various intervals, the materials were removed from the CDFF, the biofilms disrupted and the number of yeast and hyphae present determined. The total number of yeast cells present on enamel was higher than either dentine or acrylic. The highest numbers of yeast cells were found on the roughest surfaces at 6 h; however, higher numbers of hyphae were found on enamel at 6 h and 24 h. Confocal laser scanning microscopy images revealed that the maturation of biofilms on denture acrylic may be dependent upon hyphal cells. The results of the present study show that both the type of surface and their roughness affect the initial formation and subsequent structure of developing of C. albicans biofilms.

Fungal Biofilm Resistance

“…There is a growing range of flow systems utilized to model biofilm development [51, 56, 74–76]. For example, a “seed and feed” modified Robin's device that permits multiple biofilms to be formed under constant flow conditions, cylindrical cellulose filters, constant depth film fermenters, perfusion fermenters, flow chambers, and a Robbin's device have all been described [51, 52, 54, 55, 77, 78]. The Lopez-Ribot group recently described a simple flow model based on a gravity-fed flow method that enabled the group to demonstrate that biofilms were thicker and more resistant to polyenes and echinocandins by 4- and 2-fold, respectively [79].…”

Influence of Saliva and Mucin on the Adhesion of <i>Candida</i> Oral Clinical Isolates

“…Three different media were used in this study, namely artificial saliva without mucin (AS-Mu) and with mucin (AS + Mu) and mucin in PBS (Mu). The artificial saliva was prepared according to Lamfon et al [12]: 2 gl −1 yeast extract (Liofilchem, Italy), 5 gl −1 peptone (Liofilchem, Italy), 2 gl −1 glucose (Applichem, Germany), 1 gl −1 mucin from bovine submaxillary glands-Type I-S (Sigma-Aldrich, USA), 0.35 gl −1 NaCl (Applichem, Germany), 0.2 gl −1 CaCl 2 (Riedel-de-Ha¨en, Germany), and 0.2 gl −1 KCl (Pronalab, Portugal) (pH 6.8 -7).…”

Candida albicans: A Model Organism for Studying Fungal Pathogens

“…One of the significantly important attributes of C. albicans is the formation of biofilm on solid surfaces such as dental enamel and human heart valves in a three-dimensional fashion [113, 114]. From human health point of view, biofilms are important because they are developed on implanted medical devices, and it contributes to about half of all nosocomial infections [115].…”