Formation of molecular chlorine in dark condition: Heterogeneous reaction of ozone with sea salt in the presence of ferric ion

Sadanaga, Yasuhiro; Hirokawa, Jun; Akimoto, Hajime

doi:10.1029/2001gl013722

Cited by 28 publications

(36 citation statements)

References 28 publications

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“…This is produced at night, as well as during the day, from heterogeneous reactions of ozone with wet sea-salt and is enhanced by the presence of ferric ions (10). Employing a high-pressure chemical ionization mass spectrometry technique, Spicer et al (11) measured Cl 2 levels ranging from <15 to 150 pptv.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A kinetics and mechanistic study of the atmospherically relevant reaction between molecular chlorine and dimethyl sulfide (DMS)

Dyke

Ghosh

Kinnison

et al. 2005

Phys. Chem. Chem. Phys.

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A gas-phase kinetics study of the atmospherically important reaction between Cl 2 and dimethyl sulfide (DMS) Cl 2 + CH 3 SCH 3 → products ----- (1) has been made using a flow-tube interfaced to a photoelectron spectrometer. The rate constant for this reaction has been measured at 1.6 and 3.0 torr at T= (294±2) K as (3.4 ± 0.7) x 10 -14 cm 3 molecule -1 s -1 . Reaction (1) has been found to proceed via an intermediate, (CH 3 ) 2 SCl 2 , to give CH 3 SCH 2 Cl and HCl as the products. The mechanism of this reaction and the structure of the intermediate were investigated using electronic structure calculations. A comparison of the mechanisms of the reactions between Cl atoms and DMS, and Cl 2 and DMS has been made and the relevance of the results to atmospheric chemistry is discussed.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A kinetics and mechanistic study of the atmospherically relevant reaction between molecular chlorine and dimethyl sulfide (DMS)

Dyke

Ghosh

Kinnison

et al. 2005

Phys. Chem. Chem. Phys.

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“…Additional to iron photolysis, in a different and daytimeindependent chemical reaction, iron catalyzes the formation of q Cl or Cl 2 from chloride by tropospheric ozone (Sadanaga et al, 2001). Triggering the CH 4 decomposition, both kinds of iron and chlorine have a cooperative cooling effect on the troposphere: less GHG CH 4 in the atmosphere reduces the greenhouse (GH) effect and allows more outgoing infrared (IR) heat to the outer space (Ming et al, 2014).…”

Section: Oxidation Of Methane and Other Ghgsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Climate engineering by mimicking natural dust climate control: the iron salt aerosol method

et al. 2017

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Abstract. Power stations, ships and air traffic are among the most potent greenhouse gas emitters and are primarily responsible for global warming. Iron salt aerosols (ISAs), composed partly of iron and chloride, exert a cooling effect on climate in several ways. This article aims firstly to examine all direct and indirect natural climate cooling mechanisms driven by ISA tropospheric aerosol particles, showing their cooperation and interaction within the different environmental compartments. Secondly, it looks at a proposal to enhance the cooling effects of ISA in order to reach the optimistic target of the Paris climate agreement to limit the global temperature increase between 1.5 and 2 • C.Mineral dust played an important role during the glacial periods; by using mineral dust as a natural analogue tool and by mimicking the same method used in nature, the proposed ISA method might be able to reduce and stop climate warming. The first estimations made in this article show that by doubling the current natural iron emissions by ISA into the troposphere, i.e., by about 0.3 Tg Fe yr −1 , artificial ISA would enable the prevention or even reversal of global warming. The ISA method proposed integrates technical and economically feasible tools.

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“…[13] Concerning O 3 , Sadanaga et al [27] observed an enhancement of the O 3 uptake rate and Cl 2 release in the presence of water-soluble Fe 3þ and O 3 in the dark. When SO 2 is involved, the absorbed amount is highly pH-dependent.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Iron(III)-induced activation of chloride from artificial sea-salt aerosol

et al. 2015

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Environmental context. Inorganic, natural aerosols (sea-salt, mineral dust, glacial flour) and contributions of anthropogenic components (fly ash, dust from steel production and processing, etc.) contain iron that can be dissolved as Fe III in saline media. This study investigates photochemical processes in clouds and aerosols producing gas-phase Cl as a function of salt-and gas-phase composition employing a simulation chamber. Atomic Cl may contribute to the oxidative capacity of the troposphere, and our findings imply local sources.Abstract. Artificial sea-salt aerosol, containing Fe III at various compositions, was investigated in a simulation chamber (made of Teflon) for the influence of pH and of the tropospheric trace gases NO 2 , O 3 and SO 2 on the photochemical activation of chloride. Atomic chlorine (Cl) was detected in the gas phase and quantified by the radical clock technique. Dilute brines with known Fe III content were nebulised until the relative humidity reached 70-90 %. The resulting droplets (most abundant particle diameter: 0.35-0.46 mm, initial surface area: up to 3 Â 10 À2 cm 2 cm À3) were irradiated with simulated sunlight, and the consumption of a test mixture of hydrocarbons was evaluated for Cl, Br and OH. The initial rate of atomic Cl production per aerosol surface increased with Fe III and was ,1. . The observed production of atomic Cl is discussed with respect to pH and speciation of the photolabile aqueous Fe III complexes.

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Formation of molecular chlorine in dark condition: Heterogeneous reaction of ozone with sea salt in the presence of ferric ion

Cited by 28 publications

References 28 publications

A kinetics and mechanistic study of the atmospherically relevant reaction between molecular chlorine and dimethyl sulfide (DMS)

A kinetics and mechanistic study of the atmospherically relevant reaction between molecular chlorine and dimethyl sulfide (DMS)

Climate engineering by mimicking natural dust climate control: the iron salt aerosol method

Iron(III)-induced activation of chloride from artificial sea-salt aerosol

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