The
molecular meso-metallaporphyrin has been obtained
from the reaction of AlMe3 with the bulky 4,5-(Ph2(HO)C)2-1,2,3-triazole (1). The presence
of Al–Me groups coordinated to the triazole rings creates three
different stereoisomers that were identified by single-crystal X-ray
diffraction. Further studies revealed that, for steric reasons, only
one of the two main stereoisomers is active in the polymerization
of ε-caprolactone. When GaMe3 is used instead of
AlMe3, a trimetallic species is formed instead of the meso-metallaporphyrin pointing to a metal-directed self-assembly.
On the other hand, the reaction of the monolithium salt [{Li(THF)2}{κ2-N,N′-4,5-(Ph2(HO)C)-1,2,3-triazole}]2 (2; THF = tetrahydrofuran) with MCl3 (M = Al, Ga)
yields meso-metallaporphyrin species with a lithium
atom in the center of the metallacycle. While the gallium derivative
is rather stable in solution, the aluminum analogue decomposes rapidly.
In the solid state, continuous cationic columns running throughout
the whole crystal are formed from alternating Li⊂[M]4 (M = Al, Ga) meso-metallaporphyrin and [Li(THF)4]+ cations. Density functional theory calculations
determined that the weak Cl···H, H···H,
N···H, and Cl···O interactions with
a total interaction energy of −38.6 kcal·mol–1 are responsible for this unusual packing.