Formation of oligosaccharides during enzymatic lactose hydrolysis and their importance in a whey hydrolysis process: Part II: Experimental

Abstract

Enzymatic lactose hydrolysis using two yeast and two fungal lactases that are of current technical interest was studied. The enzymes were compared regarding their oligosaccharide production. Parameters influencing oligosaccharide formation, together with the effect of immobilization were examined and conditions minimizing oligosaccharide content in the hydrolysis product were proposed. Enzymatic whey hydrolysis was also considered. A possibility of enzymatic lactose recombination from its hydrolysis products was shown.

Membrane-assisted enzymatic production of galactosyl-oligosaccharides from lactose in a continuous process

“…In the work reported here, the product was continuously removed (along with water, some substrate and simple sugar byproducts) from a stirred tank reactor using crossflow membrane ultrafiltration, while the enzyme was retained by the membrane and returned to the reactor ( Figure 3). This concept has been developed and investigated in detail for other enzymatically catalyzed reactions [11] and has been applied to lactose hydrolysis [8,10]. This 11/20/2009 page 3 of 22 configuration also allows variation of the residence time for optimization of the yield and composition of the oligosaccharide fraction.…”

“…Some information on the use of immobilized enzymes for this synthesis can be found in the literature [7,8]. It appears, however, that mass transfer limitations are an issue when immobilized enzymes are used [12].…”

Membrane chromatography reactor system for the continuous synthesis of galactosyl-oligosaccharides

“…ß-Galactosidase (EC 3.2.1.23), commonly known as lactase, catalyses not only the hydrolysis of lactose to the monosaccharides glucose and galactose but also the transgalactosylation reaction to produce galactosyl-oligosaccharides (GOS) [1][2][3][4]. GOS are non-digestible oligosaccharides which are recognized as prebiotics.…”

“…The enzyme was reported to have stronger hydrolytic activity than transferase activity and produced a high proportion of trisaccharide in the synthetic GOS mixtures [1,2,7]. Some techniques have been developed for immobilization of ß-galactosidase including non-covalent adsorption, covalent binding, entrapment and encapsulation [1][2][3][8][9][10][11]. The newly developed synthetic micro porous membrane adsorbers as chromatographic media are an attractive alternative to traditionally used packed bed chromatography, which has several limitations [12].…”

Immobilization of β-Galactosidase in Adsorptive Membranes for the Continuous Production of Galacto-Oligosaccharides from Lactose

“…β-Galactosidase (EC 3.2.1.23), commonly known as lactase, catalyses not only the hydrolysis of lactose to the monosaccharides glucose and galactose but also the transgalactosylation reaction to produce galacto-oligosaccharides (GOS) [1][2][3].…”