Formation of Pentose Phosphate from 6-Phosphogluconate

Cohen, Seymour S.; Scott, Dwight B. McNair

doi:10.1126/science.111.2890.543

Cited by 103 publications

(19 citation statements)

References 4 publications

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“…One example would be that glucose is oxidized all or in part by an aerobic pathway dissimilar to the classical Embden-Meyerhof scheme. Several investigators (33)(34)(35)(36)(37)(38) have demonstrated this pathway: glucose to 6-phosphogluconate to pentosephosphate and, presumably, to two-and threecarbon particles. Dickens and Glock (39) have demonstrated these reactions and their associated enzymes in animal tissues.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Comparison of the Metabolism of Fructose and Glucose in Hepatic Disease and Diabetes Mellitus 1

Smith¹,

Ettinger²,

Seligson³

et al. 1953

J. Clin. Invest.

196

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Comparison of the Metabolism of Fructose and Glucose in Hepatic Disease and Diabetes Mellitus 1

Smith¹,

Ettinger²,

Seligson³

et al. 1953

J. Clin. Invest.

196

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“…were subjected to mono-and two-dimensional analysis. The developing systems used were: 80% ethanol containing 0-3% acetate buffer at /JH 3-5 [8]; 80% ethanol containing 0-64% boric acid [9] and n-butanol/acetic acid/water 74/19/50 [10] for monodimensional chromatography. For two-dimensional technique other solvents were used: Solvent I: phenol saturated with water at temperature of 24°C; Solvent II: fresh solvent prepared from equal volumes of the two solutions (124'6ml.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Study of the Dependence of Photosynthetic Yields on the Water and Mineral Supply Part 3: Effect of Mineral Deficiency on Photosynthesis using Double Labelling Technique

Abdel‐Wahab

Hassan

Sobhy

1968

Isotopenpraxis Isotopes in Environmental and Health Studies

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Abdel-Wahab et al.: Study of the Dependence of Photosynthetic Yields on the Water and Mineral Supply, Part 3 Aus der Aufnahme des Nitratstickstoffs aus dem Dungemittel folgt, daB in der ersten Vegetationsperiode der Ausnutzungskoeffizient von etwa 25% in der Variante NPK auf Werte von 36 bis 66% ansteigt, wenn man Stimulationsdosen von Phenolderivaten einfuhrt. Wendet man Inhibitionsdosen an, so sinkt dies:r Koeffizient bis auf 12% (0,1 mgDNP), . 3 % (1 mg DNP) oder sogar unter 1 % (1 mg DNOK). 2 ) Bis zur Reife wird der aus dem Dungemittel stammende Nitratstickstoff bei der Variante NPK (ohne Zufugung von Phenolderivaten) in einem Mengenverhaltnis von etwa 40% aufgenommen. Bei den Varianten mit Zufugung von Phenolderivaten hat der Ausnutzungskoeffizient Werte zwischen 31 und 42%. Ausnahmen stellen die Dosen von 1 mg/GefaB DNP (tjso; = 2%) und DNOK 07 NO ,-< 1 %) dar, wobei die Aufnahme des Nitratstickstoffs bis zuletzt stark gehemmt bleibt. *) Der letztgenannte Wert ist unwahrscheinlich klein. Der Versuch soil im folgenden Jahr wiederholt werden.Bei der Reife ergibt sich demnach im Durchschnitt folgende Bilanz der Verwendung des Nitratstickstoffs: Etwa 40% werden von der Pflanze aufgenommen, unter 1 % verbleibt in einer von der Pflanze aufnehmbaren Form fur die nachste Pfianzenkultur im Boden (Bestimmung, die mit Hilfe der Senfkultur gemacht wurde), der Rest (etwa 60%) wird wahrend der Vegetationsperiode des Hafers in nichtaufnehmbare Formen umgewandelt oder geht durch Verfluchtigung verloren.(The Middle Eastern Regional Radioisotope Centre for Arab Countries in Co-operation with the International Atomic Energy Agency, Dokki, Cairo/U.A.R.) 1.P 32 and C 14 have been used together to identify and trace the photosyiithates ofZea mays during the seedling stage. By this double labelling technique and single labelling with C li O2 and HiP 32 O^., carbohydrates, amino acids, andphosphoproteins were identified on paper chromatograms. Tables and figures summarise the results obtained under different mineral deficiency. These results indicate the effects of the absence ofP, Mg, K, N, Ca, and trace elements on both respiration and photosynthesis.

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“…The main obstacle to the acceptance of this scheme has been the fact that decarboxylation of 2-ketogluconic add-P would lead to arabinose-P, rather than to ribose-Po However, the recent work of Cohen & McNair-Scott (62) has shown that ribose-5-P can be identified chromatographically among the pentose-P compounds which accumulate on oxidation of gluconic-6-P by a yeast enzyme system. About 25 per cent of the pentose-P accumulating was accounted for as ribose, but about 50 per cent of the pentose-P did not correspond to either ribose-5-P or arabinose·5-P.…”

Section: +Homentioning

confidence: 99%

Carbohydrate Metabolism

Colowick¹,

Kaplan²

1951

Annu. Rev. Biochem.

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The major developments during the past year have been along the fol1ow ing lines: (a) A renewal of interest in several alternate metabolic pathways, including the Warburg-Lipmann-Dickens pathway for glucose oxidation, via pentose, the Thunberg mechanism for formation of 4-carbon acids by con densation of two 2-carbon units, and the methyl glyoxalase system. (b) The establishment of the structure of two new coenzymes, one concerned in the galactose-glucose transformation, and the other, coenzyme A, concerned in the transfer of acyl groups. Acety!coenzyme A appears to be the long-sought "active acetate." (c) The development of the concept that dehydrogenases can participate in electron transfer, without dissociation of the "bound" pyridine nucleotides. (d) Advances in the understanding of the mechanism of heterotrophic and photosynthetic carbon dioxide assimilation. (e) Solubili zation and purification of certain enzymes of the citric acid cycle, which have heretofore been available only in particulate form. REVERSIBLE DEGRADATION OF CARBOHYDRATESTO 3-CARBON ACID STAGE THE OVER-ALL PROCESSAlternate pathways ' of degradation.-The term "glycolysis," usually ap plied to this process, is avoided here, because it is planned to consider in this section not only the reactions of the Embden-Meyerhof (E-M) scheme, but also the reactions of the Warburg-Lipmann-Dickens (W-L-D) scheme, which leads to the formation of triose by an alternate pathway. The former path way is usually regarded as anaerobic, and the latter as aerobic. A selective effect of a given inhibitor (e.g., iodoacetate or fluoride) on anaerobic metabo lism, without a corresponding depression of glucose oxidation, has been in terpreted as supporting the existence of two pathways for degradation of hexoses. More direct evidence for the occurrence of the W-L-D scheme in both animal and plant cells is described in a later section.The relative quantitative importance of these two pathways for glucose oxidation remains to be assessed. It may be worthy of note that whereas the E-M scheme provides, per molecule of hexose, two three-carbon fragmen ts 1 This review covers the period'from January 1st to December 31st, 1950.2 The foJlowing abbreviations are used throughout: ATP, ADP, and AMP for adenosinetri-, di-, and mono-phosphate; DPN and TPN for di-and triphosphopyri dine nucleotides; FAD for flavine adenine dinucleotide; P for phosphate, and ",P for energy-rich phosphate.'

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Formation of Pentose Phosphate from 6-Phosphogluconate

Cited by 103 publications

References 4 publications

A Comparison of the Metabolism of Fructose and Glucose in Hepatic Disease and Diabetes Mellitus 1

A Comparison of the Metabolism of Fructose and Glucose in Hepatic Disease and Diabetes Mellitus 1

Study of the Dependence of Photosynthetic Yields on the Water and Mineral Supply Part 3: Effect of Mineral Deficiency on Photosynthesis using Double Labelling Technique

Carbohydrate Metabolism

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