“…Many semiconductor materials such as oxides, oxynitrides, sulphides, phosphides, carbides and noble metals are used either as catalysts or co-catalysts to enhance photocatalytic hydrogen evolution efficiency. 1–5 The use of nanostructured materials, isolated atoms, composites with suitable band alignment, optical band gap engineering by doping, etc. accelerates the charge transfer process and reduces the possibility of electron–hole recombination, and hence increases the overall efficiency of a photocatalytic process.…”