2013
DOI: 10.1007/s10891-013-0898-8
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Formation of the condensed phase of metals exposed to intense nanosecond laser pulses at atmospheric pressure

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Cited by 7 publications
(5 citation statements)
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“…A cloud of the condensed phase of the metal can be observed in the near-surface zone of the target for 500-700 μs more (this is evidenced by the data of laser probing in a longer time interval) [25,26], which points to its comparatively slow expansion. The characteristic particle size of the condensed phase of the target material is 20-140 nm depending on the type of metal and the laser excitation conditions (lower-melting metals have thereby comparatively larger effective diameters of particles than refractory metals), which exceeds 5-10 times their estimated sizes according to the Zel′dovich-Raizer theory for the case of vacuum [57].…”
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confidence: 84%
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“…A cloud of the condensed phase of the metal can be observed in the near-surface zone of the target for 500-700 μs more (this is evidenced by the data of laser probing in a longer time interval) [25,26], which points to its comparatively slow expansion. The characteristic particle size of the condensed phase of the target material is 20-140 nm depending on the type of metal and the laser excitation conditions (lower-melting metals have thereby comparatively larger effective diameters of particles than refractory metals), which exceeds 5-10 times their estimated sizes according to the Zel′dovich-Raizer theory for the case of vacuum [57].…”
mentioning
confidence: 84%
“…The characteristic particle size of the condensed phase of the target material is 20-140 nm depending on the type of metal and the laser excitation conditions (lower-melting metals have thereby comparatively larger effective diameters of particles than refractory metals), which exceeds 5-10 times their estimated sizes according to the Zel′dovich-Raizer theory for the case of vacuum [57]. The typical numerical values of concentrations of such particles in the near-surface region of the target are 10 9 -10 12 cm -3 for 20-ns pulses [26] and 10 10 -10 13 cm -3 for 100-ns pulses [27]. Experimental data point to the fact that the action of lower-power particles (W ~ 10 8 W/cm 2 ) is more effective from the viewpoint of the condensed phase formation than for pulses with W ~ 10 9 W/cm 2 (the particle concentration decreases by an order of magnitude or more).…”
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confidence: 97%
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