Formation of wavy slip bands in AgCl crystals at low temperatures

Vávra, F.; Sěvčík, Z.

doi:10.1007/bf01597632

Cited by 7 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 8 publications

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“…For polycrystals, the deformation of each grain should conform to the distortion of the neighbors. 62 In AgCl, multiple slipping systems can be activated even at room temperature, 28,61 which results in wavy slipping, 62,63 (cf. Figure 3B) and allows the grains to change slipping planes in the vicinity of grain boundaries.…”

Section: Ionic Insulating Materialsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Simply speaking, dislocations are mobile and able to cross-slip freely to produce macroscopically "wavy" slip traces at high temperatures. 35,63 A brittle-to-ductile transition readily occurs, 35,48 and the transition temperature is around 173 K for AgCl (0.25T m ) and 423 K for NaCl (0.40T m ). 48 This means that even a brittle compound such as NaCl can be deformed plastically at sufficiently high temperatures.…”

Section: Ionic Insulating Materialsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The deformation of a polycrystal is extremely sensitive to temperature. Simply speaking, dislocations are mobile and able to cross‐slip freely to produce macroscopically “wavy” slip traces at high temperatures 35,63 . A brittle‐to‐ductile transition readily occurs, 35,48 and the transition temperature is around 173 K for AgCl (0.25 T m ) and 423 K for NaCl (0.40 T m ) 48 .…”

Section: Plastic Inorganic Materialsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Room‐temperature plastic inorganic semiconductors for flexible and deformable electronics

Chen

Wei

Zhao

et al. 2020

InfoMat

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Flexible electronics ushers in a revolution to the electronics industry in the 21st century. Ideally, all components of a flexible electronic device including the functional component shall comply with the deformation to ensure the structural and functional integrity, imposing a pressing need for developing roomtemperature strain-tolerant semiconductors. To this end, there is a long-standing material dilemma: inorganic semiconductors are typically brittle at room temperature except for size-induced flexibility; by contrast, organic semiconductors are intrinsically soft and flexible but the electrical performance is poor. This is why the discovery of bulk plasticity in Ag 2 S at room temperature and ZnS in darkness is groundbreaking in solving this long-standing material dilemma between the mechanical deformability and the electrical performance. The present review summarizes the background knowledge and latest advances in the emerging field of plastic inorganic semiconductors. At the outset, we argue that the plasticity of inorganic semiconductors is vital to strain tolerance of electronic devices, which has not been adequately emphasized. The mechanisms of plasticity are illustrated from the perspective of chemical bonding and dislocations. Plastic inorganic materials, for example, ionic crystals (insulators), ZnS in darkness, and Ag 2 S, are discussed in detail in terms of their prominent mechanical properties and potential applications. We conclude the article with several key scientific and technological questions to address in the future study.

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Section: Ionic Insulating Materialsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Ionic Insulating Materialsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Plastic Inorganic Materialsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Room‐temperature plastic inorganic semiconductors for flexible and deformable electronics

Chen

Wei

Zhao

et al. 2020

InfoMat

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“…Under a slow strain rate, these crystals exhibit tensile properties like metals and show the phenomenon of neck down [29]. This ductile behavior is attributed to the wavy slip [31][32]. During the deformation, each grain has its own change and should conform to the distortion of neighbors [33].…”

Section: Plastic Ionic Inorganic Materialsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Plastic Inorganic Semiconductors for Flexible Electronics

Wei¹,

Chen²,

Shi³

et al. 2020

Hybrid Nanomaterials - Flexible Electronics Materials

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Featured with bendability and deformability, smartness and lightness, flexible materials and devices have wide applications in electronics, optoelectronics, and energy utilization. The key for flexible electronics is the integration of flexibility and decent electrical performance of semiconductors. It has long been realized that high-performance inorganic semiconductors are brittle, and the thinning-downinduced flexibility does not change the intrinsic brittleness. This inconvenient fact severely restricts the fabrication and service of inorganic semiconductors in flexible and deformable electronics. By contrast, flexible and soft polymers can be readily deformed but behave poorly in terms of electrical properties. Recently, Ag 2 S was discovered as the room-temperature ductile inorganic semiconductor. The intrinsic flexibility and plasticity of Ag 2 S are attributed to multicentered chemical bonding and solid linkage among easy slip planes. Furthermore, the electrical and thermoelectric properties of Ag 2 S can be readily optimized by Se/Te alloying while the ductility is maintained, giving birth to a high-efficiency full inorganic flexible thermoelectric device. This chapter briefly reviews this big discovery, relevant backgrounds, and research advances and tries to demonstrate a clear structure-performance correlation between crystal structure/chemical bonding and mechanical/electrical properties.2 not change the intrinsic brittleness and rigidity [17][18] of the inorganic semiconductors, which are constituted mainly by covalent or ion-covalent bonding [19].Regarding this issue, another important mechanical property, plasticity, should be considered. As a matter of fact, however, plasticity is a long-sought target for inorganic materials, e.g., ceramics [20]. On the one hand, plasticity means machinability, that is, plastic ceramics can be mechanically deformed and processed just like metals do. On the other hand, plastic deformation can prevent the sudden, catastrophic, brittle fracture, which is essential to not only structural materials but also functional materials. Hence, the discovery of the room-temperature plastic inorganic semiconductor Ag 2 S [21] and the fabrication of full-inorganic Ag 2 S-based thermoelectric (TE) power generation modules [22] are ground breaking, opening a new avenue toward next-generation flexible electronics.This chapter will provide an in-time overview for the newly discovered plastic/ flexible inorganic semiconductors. We shall first clarify the concept of flexibility and then illustrate the intrinsic plasticity for metals and brittleness for inorganic materials. Then, we will mention the special plasticity and the chemical bonding origins in a few ionic crystals such as AgCl. After that, we will systematically review the extraordinary mechanical properties of Ag 2 S and fully flexible thermoelectric devices. Finally, the prospect and challenge for plastic inorganic semiconductors as flexible electronic materials will be discussed. a plastic material gains intrinsic flexibil...

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