Forms of Ferrum in Profile-Differentiated Soils of Precarpathian Ukraine and Their Role in Diagnostics of Soil-Forming Processes

Abstract

The profiles of sod-podzolic surface-gleyed soils (Stagnic Retisols) and brown podzolic soil profile (Neocambic Gleyic Retisols) are characterized by differentiation of gross Ferrum content and moderately low degree of Ferrum content. The composition of gross Ferrum is dominated by Fes, the maximum share of which is characteristic of A2B g horizon. The minimum content of Fes belongs to A1A2 g, which indicates the processes of destruction of primary and secondary minerals in the upper part of the profile. The accumulation of Ferrum oxides was diagnosed in the ortstein and nodules of the studied soils. The Schwertman coefficient in the neoplasms of the over-illuvial part of the profile is 0.6-0.7, which confirms the theory of their formation under the predominant action of the gleyish-eluvial process. The slight influence of modern gleiing process and their relict origin are observed in transition horizon.