Formula with reduced content of improved, partially hydrolyzed protein and probiotics: infant growth and health

Ziegler, Ekhard E.; Jeter, Janice M.; Drulis, Jean M.; Nelson, Steven E.; Haschke, Ferdinand; Steenhout, Philippe; Ca, Brown; Maire, J. C.; Hager, Christopher

doi:10.1007/s00112-003-0804-0

Cited by 36 publications

(47 citation statements)

References 11 publications

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“…One study [55] used a reduced protein infant formula and one study [50] used an acidified formula given to healthy infants born to HIV positive mothers. The most widely studied probiotics were Bifidobacterium lactis (BB-12) which was administered alone [40,44,46,50-52].…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In 3 studies, there was no missing outcome data [38,40,54]. In 16 studies, missing outcome data was balanced across the intervention groups with similar reasons reported [21,24,25,32,37,39,41-45,49-52,55]. In 4 studies there was insufficient information given to permit a judgement [35,46,47,53].…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Ten studies (N = 933) investigated the effect of probiotic administration versus no probiotic (Control group) [38,40,44-46,48,50-52,55]. …”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Four studies [24,44,50,55] reported weight gain (g/day) for boys and girls separately. The results from these four studies were pooled in meta-analyses separately for boys and girls.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Synbiotics, probiotics or prebiotics in infant formula for full term infants: a systematic review

Mugambi

Musekiwa

Lombard

et al. 2012

Nutr J

132

110

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BackgroundSynbiotics, probiotics or prebiotics are being added to infant formula to promote growth and development in infants. Previous reviews (2007 to 2011) on term infants given probiotics or prebiotics focused on prevention of allergic disease and food hypersensitivity. This review focused on growth and clinical outcomes in term infants fed only infant formula containing synbiotics, probiotics or prebiotics.MethodsCochrane methodology was followed using randomized controlled trials (RCTs) which compared term infant formula containing probiotics, prebiotics or synbiotics to conventional infant formula with / without placebo among healthy full term infants. The mean difference (MD) and corresponding 95% confidence intervals (CI) were reported for continuous outcomes, risk ratio (RR) and corresponding 95% CI for dichotomous outcomes. Where appropriate, meta-analysis was performed; heterogeneity was explored using subgroup and sensitivity analyses. If studies were too diverse a narrative synthesis was provided.ResultsThree synbiotic studies (N = 475), 10 probiotics studies (N = 933) and 12 prebiotics studies (N = 1563) were included. Synbiotics failed to significantly increase growth in boys and girls. Use of synbiotics increased stool frequency, had no impact on stool consistency, colic, spitting up / regurgitation, crying, restlessness or vomiting. Probiotics in formula also failed to have any significant effect on growth, stool frequency or consistency. Probiotics did not lower the incidence of diarrhoea, colic, spitting up / regurgitation, crying, restlessness or vomiting. Prebiotics in formula did increase weight gain but had no impact on length or head circumference gain. Prebiotics increased stool frequency but had no impact on stool consistency, the incidence of colic, spitting up / regurgitation, crying, restlessness or vomiting. There was no impact of prebiotics on the volume of formula tolerated, infections and gastrointestinal microflora. The quality of evidence was compromised by imprecision, inconsistency of results, use of different study preparations and publication bias.Authors’ conclusionsThere is not enough evidence to state that supplementation of term infant formula with synbiotics, probiotics or prebiotics does result in improved growth or clinical outcomes in term infants. There is no data available to establish if synbiotics are superior to probiotics or prebiotics.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Ten studies (N = 933) investigated the effect of probiotic administration versus no probiotic (Control group) [38,40,44-46,48,50-52,55]. …”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Four studies [24,44,50,55] reported weight gain (g/day) for boys and girls separately. The results from these four studies were pooled in meta-analyses separately for boys and girls.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Synbiotics, probiotics or prebiotics in infant formula for full term infants: a systematic review

Mugambi

Musekiwa

Lombard

et al. 2012

Nutr J

132

110

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Two studies conducted in South Africa [23,24] involved infants born to mothers who were diagnosed with HIV, and 3 other studies (in Australia [25] , Italy [26,27] and the United States [28] ) were of infants whose mothers were not diagnosed as having HIV infection ( table 1 ). With the exception of maternal HIV status, the 5 trials had similar inclusion and exclusion criteria.…”

Section: Studied Infant Populationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Effect of <i>Bifidobacterium lactis</i> on the Growth of Infants: A Pooled Analysis of Randomized Controlled Studies

2009

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Background/Aims: Breast milk is the best source of nutrition for the growth of the newborn infant. It is therefore essential that mothers who cannot breastfeed or choose not to are provided with alternatives that closely match the composition and functionality of breast milk. This study aimed to investigate the growth effects of probiotic-supplemented formulas on both healthy and vulnerable populations of infants. Methods: A meta-analysis of data from 5 randomized controlled clinical trials that included infants fed formulas containing a probiotic Bifidobacterium lactis CNCM I-3446 was performed (n = 525). A sub-analysis was performed among infants of HIV-positive mothers (n = 120). Growth measurements (gain in weight and body mass index, BMI, from enrollment to 120 days) were compared between infants fed a formula containing B. lactis and those fed a control formula. Changes in length and Z-scores were also compared. Results: Formula with B.lactis was demonstrated to be at least as good as formula without B. lactis in the meta-analysis of 5 studies. The lower boundary of the 95% confidence interval (CI) of the differences in mean weight gain (95% CI 0.09–2.93 g/day) was above the predefined non-inferiority margin of –3.0 g/day. Moreover, among infants with HIV-positive mothers, weight gain of those taking B. lactis was significantly higher than of those not taking B. lactis, by 3.1 g/day (95% CI 0.4–5.8 g/day, p = 0.0226) and the BMI gains were significantly higher, by 6.4 g/m²/day (95% CI 0.0.3–12.5 g/m²/day, p = 0.0400). The corresponding weight for age and BMI Z-scores were also significantly higher, by 0.37 (95% CI 0.03–0.71, p = 0.0308) and by 0.42 (95% CI 0.02–0.83, p = 0.0377), respectively, whereas differences in length gain or length-for-age Z-score were not significant. Among infants in the non-HIV mothers group, there were no significant differences between infants fed formulas with or without B. lactis, for any of the growth parameters. Conclusions: The analysis suggests that B. lactis may have a positive effect on growth in vulnerable populations, specifically in infants born to mothers with HIV.

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Probiotics Research: The Pediatric Perspective

Zwiauer

2010

Probiotics and Health Claims

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Formula with reduced content of improved, partially hydrolyzed protein and probiotics: infant growth and health

Cited by 36 publications

References 11 publications

Synbiotics, probiotics or prebiotics in infant formula for full term infants: a systematic review

Synbiotics, probiotics or prebiotics in infant formula for full term infants: a systematic review

The Effect of <i>Bifidobacterium lactis</i> on the Growth of Infants: A Pooled Analysis of Randomized Controlled Studies

Probiotics Research: The Pediatric Perspective

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