Formulation and evaluation of dental gels and pastilles containing xylitol for dental caries

Abstract

We developed and evaluated dental gels and pastilles containing high concentrations of xylitol for dental caries. First, 16 gel formulations (G1-G16) were prepared containing 20%-30% xylitol and gelling agents (4% hydroxy propyl methyl cellulose: HPMC; 4% carboxy methyl cellulose or 1%-2% xanthan gum). The physical appearance, pH, viscosity, and adhesiveness of the gels were evaluated. Gels containing 2% xanthan gum were considered optimized formulations and were yellowish, homogeneous, translucent, and highly adhesive. Second, 12 pastille formulations (P1-P12) were prepared containing 55.6% xylitol and a combination of 6%-14% gelatin and 1.42%-1.50% carrageenan. The pastilles were evaluated for physical appearance, pH, and dissolution. The pastille formulations containing 8.2% gelatin and 1.50% carrageenan had homogeneous, translucent, and chewable attributes. Furthermore, the stability of the optimized formulations was determined. The physicochemical characteristics of the gels remained acceptable after accelerated and long-term storage at 40 ± 2°C/75 ± 5% RH and 30 ± 2°C/75 ± 5% RH, respectively, for 3 months. No changes in physicochemical characteristics were evident after storage in 30 ± 2°C/75 ± 5% RH for 3 months. However, the pastilles became unstable after one month of storage at 40 ± 2°C/75 ± 5% RH.

Investigating Bioactive-Glass-Infused Gels for Enamel Remineralization: An In Vitro Study

“…Water facilitates the initial hydrolysis of the glass within the gel prior to its application. The pH results we obtained are promising, as an increase in pH to no more than 9.70 (for the gel with Biomin F) is acceptable and does not irritate soft tissues [39,40]. The study by Dong et al (2011) focused on the in vitro remineralization of human dental enamel by bioactive glasses, highlighting the significant role of bioactive glass's chemical composition in promoting enamel remineralization through the formation of a hydroxycarbonate apatite (HCA) layer similar to natural enamel [41].…”

Pastillation with Amorphous Synthetic Polymers: A Key to Solubility Enhancement of Poorly Soluble Drugs

“…Formulation of Pastilles Using Melt Technology [10,15] Based on the literature survey, a BCS class II drug was chosen to demonstrate the solubility and bioavailability enhancement. Similarly, EUDRAGIT ® EPO was chosen as a solubility-enhancing agent from a class of amorphous high molecular weight synthetic functional polymers.…”