Formulation and Evaluation of Topical Formulation for Cutaneous Tuberculosis

Abstract

Cutaneous Tuberculosis is also known as dermal tuberculosis or tuberculosis cutis (extrapulmonary tuberculosis) which can occur in any age group and patients who may or may not be suffering from pulmonary tuberculosis. The current treatment given for the disease is oral therapy of anti-tubercular drugs which has many side effects such as hepatotoxicity, headache, anxiety, euphoria, insomnia, eosinophilia, hepatitis. Hence to avoid these side effects and to increase efficiency of current therapy a topical proniosomal gel of isoniazid was formulated. Coacervation phase separation method was used and proniosomal gel was formulated by using Span 20, soya lecithin, and cholesterol. Optimum concentration of 3 factors Span 20, soya lecithin, and cholesterol were determined using Box Behnken design with at 2 levels and vesicle size and entrapment efficiency as responses. The optimized proniosomal gel was characterized by vesicle size, entrapment efficiency, transmission electron microscopy (TEM), in vitro drug release, skin retention studies, skin irritation studies and stability studies. The optimised batch showed vesicle size of 2.27±1.82 µ, and entrapment efficiency of 98.15±0.25 %. The optimised formulation was stable under refrigeration condition (5°C) in amber coloured bottle, was non-irritating and showed 98.10±1.28 % release and 85±1.53 % permeation after 6 h and 436±12 µg drug was retained in the skin after 3 hrs.

Proniosomal gel-mediated topical delivery of fluconazole: Development, in vitro characterization, and microbiological evaluation

“…A sample of 0.1 g of gel was dissolved in 10 ml of distilled water and the electrode was then dipped into gel formulation and constant reading was noted. [12] The readings were taken for an average of three times.…”

Dermatology practice updates in mycobacterial disease

“…For example, researchers have studied topical formulations of anti-TB antibiotics in the hopes of finding an efficacious treatment that avoids the systemic effects of oral therapy. [57][58][59] Since most active infection with tuberculosis is found at the level of the dermis, topical rifampicin in a cationic nanoemulsion gel for improved delivery to the dermis is under development. 60 At the same time, providers must consider whether patient use of topical antibiotics may contribute to resistance to systemic therapies.…”

Formulation and Development of Proniosomal Gel for Topical Delivery of Amphotericin B

“…The pH measurements are performed in triplicate using a digital pH meter. Before measurements, the pH meter was calibrated and readings were taken by dipping the glass electrode into the gel formulations [21].…”