Formulation of floating metronidazole microspheres using cassava starch (Manihot esculenta) as polymer

Evaluation of three tropical starches as polymers for the formulation of diclofenac microspheres

“…Preformulation studies were carried out to assess the ability of pregelatinized starches to form microspheres using the ionic gelation method alone or in combination with sodium alginate [11]. Several formulations were developed by varying the concentrations of pregelatinized starches alone and in combination with sodium alginate, the concentrations of chelating agents (zinc chloride and calcium chloride) (2, 5, and 10% w/v), the mixing speed (200, 300, and 400 rpm), and the curing time (15, 30 and 60 min).…”

“…The ionic gelation method [11] was used to produce the microsphere. To make a 2% w/v polymer gel concentration, 10-50 % w/w pregelatinized starch was mixed with sodium alginate.…”

Formulation of floating metronidazole microbeads using Terminalia mantaly gum as polymer

“…The method of ionotropic gelation was used in producing the floating metronidazole microbeads (Odeku et al, 2017). Polymer blends (2 g) comprising of Terminalia gum and sodium alginate were thoroughly mixed and 50 ml of distilled water was added gradually, more distilled water was added to obtain total polymer concentration of 2 % w /v.…”

“…When the external surface of the dosage form dissolves, the gel layer is assisted by the adjacent hydrocolloid layer becoming hydrated and the drug dissolves within and diffuses out. Polymers used for FDDS are gel-forming or highly swellable polysaccharides and matrix forming systems Examples include carboxymethyl cellulose (Velesco et al, 1999); Hydroxypropylcellulose (Ozeki et al, 1995) and sodium alginate (Odeku et al, 2013;Odeku et al, 2017). Sodium alginate helps in producing spherical microbeads when it comes in contact with a crosslinking agent.…”

“…In our previous study (Odeku et al, 2017), pregelatinized cassava starch blended with sodium alginate was used in producing floating metronidazole microspheres. The results showed that blends of cassava starch and sodium alginate were found useful in the preparation of spherical discrete microspheres that could provide controlled release of metronidazole for up to 18 h. The sizes of the microspheres however were rather large (1.52-2.23 mm).…”