Formulation of Hedera helix L. in Topical Dosage Forms: In Vitro and Ex Vivo Evaluation

Abstract

Hedera helix L. is traditional herbal medicine used in the treatment of asthma. The main objective of this study was to formulate a microemulsion, a gel, and an ointment containing the ethanol extracts of H. helix L. and to evaluate in vitro and ex vivo permeation. Thin-layer chromatography (TLC) and high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) were used to identify and quantify hederacoside C at 210 nm. Evaluation of release and permeation was done by Franz diffusion cells, dialysis cellulose membrane, and natural rabbit skin. Using dialysis cellulose membrane and rabbit skin, various parameters such as permeation coefficient, flux (J), and release kinetics were analyzed with different kinetics models. In the three formulations, release behavior of the microemulsion and gel were similar, but the ointment showed slow release. Maximum amount of drug released from the microemulsion, gel, and ointment formulations through the dialysis membrane was 70.239%, 63.9157%, and 40.9154%, respectively. Release via rabbit skin was 66.051%, 59.5%, and 37.64%, respectively. According to the Korsmeyer-Peppas kinetic model, the microemulsion, gel, and ointment formulations contained 99.10%, 98.23%, and 97.45% of the medicine, respectively. This study demonstrates that in vitro and ex vivo diffusion cell experiments can be utilized to develop formulations of herbal medicines.

Effect of Thyme Oil on the Transdermal Permeation of Pseudoephedrine HCl from Topical Gel

“…Statistical analyses of the kinetic results were performed on DD Solver (Microsoft Excel 2007) (19,20). SPSS (version 18.0, IBM, USA) was used for ANOVA calculations (21).…”

“…The correlation coefficient (R 2 ) was calculated for all formulations, to determine which of the given kinetic models corresponded to the release of the drug via the cellulose membrane and the rabbit skin. The kinetics equations given below were used for the calculations (19).…”

Biologically active compounds of plant origin in medicine

“…The compounds irritate mucous membranes, which leads to increased secretion of mucous and ensures expectorant effects [Sieben et al 2009, Cwientzek et al 2011. Extracted ivy saponins are used as an expectorant to cure acute catarrh and in treatment of fungal infections of the upper respiratory tract [Gul et al 2018].…”

B:Phytochemical investigation and cytotoxic activity of Hedera helix ssp rhizomatifera leaves

“…The common ivy is a climbing evergreen woody plant mostly found on different trees, walls as well as trailing type on the ground (Al-Snafi, 2018). It has a big reputation as a homeopathic medicine, in the treatment of respiratory infections and common cold associated with cough, as an analgesic and antiinflammatory preparations (Gul et al, 2018). The boiled leaves of H. helix was used as an anthelmintic for ringworm and in diabetes (Al-Snafi, 2018).…”

“…Topically, the extract of H. helix is used in the treatment of cellulite (liprosclerosis) and for weight loss (Gul et al, 2018). H. helix extract is also used as an emollient and for itch relieving (Lutsenko et al, 2010;Gul et al, 2018).…”