Formulation optimization of bionanocomposite film based on polyvinyl alcohol/glycerol/cellulose nanocrystal from pineapple crown leave fibers using response surface methodology

Abstract

The current research is intended to optimize the formulation of bionanocomposite films produced from polyvinyl alcohol by adding glycerol (4–8%) and cellulose nanocrystals extracted from pineapple crown leaf (3–7%). The interaction between the bionanocomposite films characteristic, such as thickness, tensile strength, and elongation are determined using a response surface methodology with a central composite design. To show the practical relevance of the prediction model, the optimized bionanocomposite film composition required additional validation. Adding glycerol at 4% and cellulose nanocrystal at 3.52% was determined to be the film’s optimum parameters. Improved mechanical properties with a low thickness value and high elongation were found in the enhanced film formulation. The findings showed that an optimized bionanocomposite film formulation based on polyvinyl alcohol with glycerol and cellulose nanocrystals from pineapple crown leaves provided good model validation and could be utilized optimally in the food packaging application.

Preparation and characterisation of polyvinyl alcohol/glycerol blend thin films for sustainable flexibility

“…However, the PVA-glycerol thin film shows a lower fracture strength of 9.07 MPa in comparasion to pure PVA. This reduction in fracture strength can be attributed to the plasticizing effect of glycerol [51].…”

“…Moreover, the tensile strength results indicate that the addition of 5% glycerol as a plasticizer in PVAglycerol thin films slightly increases the yield strength in comparasion to pure PVA (shown in table 2). However, it offers higher fracture strength than that of its modified counterpart, resulting in an overall stronger material that can withstand higher stress before breaking [51]. Such reduction in the fracture strength is suggested due to constraints placed on chain movements due to plasticizer.…”