Fortification of condiments and seasonings with iron for preventing anaemia and improving health

Jalal, Chowdhury SB; De-Regil, Luz Maria; Pike, Vanessa; Mithra, Prasanna

doi:10.1002/14651858.cd009604.pub2

Cited by 3 publications

(3 citation statements)

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“…Moreover, preventive iron supplementation is recommended for all pregnant women, non-pregnant adult women, adolescent girls, and perimenopausal women with a high prevalence of anaemia [ 52 ]. A recent meta-analysis found that consuming condiments and seasonings fortified with iron plus other micronutrients may prevent anaemia in the general population [ 53 ]. In China, haemoglobinopathies accounted for ~ 20% of all anaemia cases, ranking second in all cause-specific anaemia.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The temporal trends of prevalence and years lived with disability of anaemia in China, Japan, and South Korea, from 1990 to 2021: Results from the Global Burden of Disease Study 2021

Hu,

Song,

Zhao

et al. 2024

J Glob Health

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Background Studies have shown that the disease burden of anaemia varies globally, yet they have not yet determined its exact extent in East Asian countries specifically. We thus aimed to investigate the prevalence and years lived with disability (YLDs) due to anaemia from 1990 to 2021 in China, Japan, and South Korea. Methods We extracted the prevalence and YLDs with their age-standardised rates (ASRs) in China, Japan, and South Korea from the Global Burden of Disease Study 2021, stratified by sex, age, and causes. We then examined the temporal trend of anaemia burden from 1990 to 2021 using joinpoint analysis and the association of anaemia burden with the Human Development Index and Universal Health Index through Spearman’s correlation analysis. Results In 2021, anaemia affected 136 million people in China (95% uncertainty interval (UI) = 131, 141), with ASRs of prevalence of 8.9% (95% UI = 8.6, 9.3), and accounted for 3.0 million YLDs (95% UI = 2.0, 4.4). It affected 13.6 million people in Japan (95% UI = 11.8, 16.0), with ASRs of prevalence of 7.4% (95% UI = 6.1, 9.0), and caused 181 thousand YLDs (95% UI = 108, 282). It also affected 2.7 million individuals in South Korea (95% UI = 2.4, 3.0), with ASRs of prevalence of 5.2% (95% UI = 4.6, 5.7), and led to 34 thousand YLDs (95% UI = 22, 55). We observed a significant gender discrepancy in the anaemia burden in these three countries, with the prevalence and YLD rates in women being almost twice as high as those in men. Moreover, the peak age of the anaemia burden shifted toward higher age groups in all three countries, particularly in Japan. Chronic kidney disease was responsible for a growing share of anaemia cases and YLDs, especially in adults aged more than 60 years in Japan and South Korea. Haemoglobinopathies were another noticeable cause of anaemia in China, though dietary iron deficiency remained the leading cause. Both socioeconomic development and essential health service coverage showed negative associations with the anaemia burden in the three countries in the past three decades, though with differential patterns. Conclusions Anaemia remains a major public health issue in China, Japan, and South Korea; targeted surveillance and interventions are recommended for high-risk populations and cause-specific anaemia.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The temporal trends of prevalence and years lived with disability of anaemia in China, Japan, and South Korea, from 1990 to 2021: Results from the Global Burden of Disease Study 2021

Hu,

Song,

Zhao

et al. 2024

J Glob Health

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“…Anaemia affects adolescent girls, women of reproductive age, pregnant women, and children in low-and middle-income countries (LMICs) [1][2][3]. The WHO estimates that 40% of pregnant women, and one-third of all women of reproductive age are anaemic worldwide, but in South Asia, the prevalence of anaemia among women of reproductive age (15-49 years) is 30% [2,3].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Chronic disease, nutritional deficiencies, inflammation, hereditary haemoglobin problems, and socioeconomic status are the primary contributors to anaemia [5]. 1,2 Despite significant improvements in socioeconomic and health status in most low-income nations in the South and Southeast Asia (SSEA) area, countries continue to face challenges in lowering the high prevalence of malnutrition among women of reproductive age. In fact, progress in reducing anaemia prevalence has been far slower than anticipated, and its socioeconomic cost, particularly throughout low-and middleincome nations, remains a serious problem in the SSEA region [6].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Prevalence and Predictors of Anaemia Among Women of Reproductive Age in South and Southeast Asia

Keya

2023

Cureus

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BackgroundAnaemia is a global public health issue that mostly affects children, women, and adults in low-and middleincome countries. AimThis study sought to evaluate the prevalence of anaemia and its contributing factors among South and Southeast Asian (SSEA) women of reproductive age. MethodsData analysis was undertaken utilising data from 10 SSEA countries' Demographic and Health Surveys. The link between anaemia and independent variables was established using a multivariate logistic regression model with a 95% confidence interval. To investigate the relationship between explanatory variables and anaemia, the Pearson's correlations test was carried out. ResultsIn SSEA, the prevalence of anaemia among women (15-49 years old) was 50.17% (95% CI: 39.4, 61.0), ranging from 13.3% (95% CI: 2.5, 24.1) in the Philippines to 70.3% (95% CI: 59.5, 81.1) in Nepal. Being younger, having rural residents, having lower educational attainment, and being in households with lower wealth quantiles were linked to a higher prevalence of anaemia in most countries. ConclusionThe findings of this study imply that a variety of individual characteristics play a role in the higher risk of anaemia. To combat anaemia, evidence-based, multidisciplinary policies and initiatives targeting women's health and nutrition, as well as scaling up women's education, empowerment, and socioeconomic position, are needed.

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Optimization of Vitamin B1, B2, and B6 Absorption in Nang Tay Dum Floating Rice Grains

Nguyen,

Pham,

et al. 2024

Foods

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As reported by the FAO, in 2022, approximately 735 million people experienced undernourishment, underscoring the critical need for effective strategies to address micronutrient deficiencies. Among these strategies, the mass fortification of staple foods, particularly rice—a dietary staple for half of the global population—has emerged as one of the most effective approaches. Conventional milling processes diminish the nutritional content of rice, necessitating the development of fortification methods to enhance its nutrient profile. This study investigates advanced fortification techniques to improve the nutritional value of rice, focusing on vitamins B1, B2, and B6, with guidelines from the US Institute of Medicine’s Dietary Reference Intakes. The results indicate that implementing ultrasonic treatments and optimal soaking conditions (60 °C for 60 min) significantly enhances the absorption of these vitamins. Effective parameters included a concentration of 1500 ppm for vitamin B1 and higher levels for vitamins B2 and B6, with a rice-to-vitamin solution ratio of 1:4. These conditions yielded an absorbed vitamin B1 content of 1050 mg/kg, bringing the fortified rice closer to meeting recommended intake levels. Given the global average daily consumption of 100 g of rice per person, this research demonstrates the feasibility of fortifying rice to address nutrient deficiencies effectively and contribute to improved dietary health worldwide. Further enhancement of vitamin B2 and B6 levels remains essential for optimal fortification, highlighting the potential of fortified rice as a sustainable solution for improving global nutrition.

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Fortification of condiments and seasonings with iron for preventing anaemia and improving health

Cited by 3 publications

References 97 publications

The temporal trends of prevalence and years lived with disability of anaemia in China, Japan, and South Korea, from 1990 to 2021: Results from the Global Burden of Disease Study 2021

The temporal trends of prevalence and years lived with disability of anaemia in China, Japan, and South Korea, from 1990 to 2021: Results from the Global Burden of Disease Study 2021

Prevalence and Predictors of Anaemia Among Women of Reproductive Age in South and Southeast Asia

Optimization of Vitamin B1, B2, and B6 Absorption in Nang Tay Dum Floating Rice Grains

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