“…Despite the hegemony of this liberal ethical approach, some have problematized its organizing assumptions, suggesting that it narrows possibilities for relationality across difference (Donald, 2012;Gaztambide-Fernández, 2012;Kuokkanen, 2008); denies marginalized communities resources and opportunities to create and lead their own visions for education, development, and change (Battiste, 2013;Gandhi, 2011;Kapoor, 2014;McEwan, 2008;Spivak 2004); and reproduces civilizational hierarchies that invalidate non-Western knowledge traditions, modes of social organization, and forms of subjectivity and relationality (Andreotti, 2011;Nandy, 2000;Santos, 2007).…”