Forward-backward: a new method for computing low-grazing angle scattering

Bistatic Scattering From Rough Dielectric Soil Surface With a Conducting Object With Arbitrary Closed Contour Partially Buried by Using the FBM/Saa Method

“…(4) and (5). The detailed algorithm can referred to [1,2,4]. it converges extremely fast for moderately rough surfaces, e.g., less than six iterations.…”

“…If both two parts are only singlevalue function of abscissa x rather then multi-value function of x, for example, a conducting Six-Side Polygon Object (SSPO) (see Region 2 and 3 in Fig. 1), the aforementioned FBM(/SAA) [1][2][3][4][5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12] can't be simple used to solve the kind of composite rough surface problem, although the FBM (or equivalent MOMI) can be used to calculate scattering from closed contour of conducting object, for examples, 2-dimensional infinite elliptical cylinders ( [24] and [25]). So the FBM/SAA need be further developed by introduced new calculation technique to solve this kind of inhomogeneous composite rough surface problem.…”

“…A novel and powerful iterative numerical technique called FBM has been proposed by Holliday et al [1] for solving the magnetic field integral equation (MFIE) recent year, which describes the induced currents along one-dimensional (1-D) perfect electrically conducting (PEC) rough surface. A similar approach called the method of ordered multiple interactions (MOMI) has been simultaneously proposed by Kapp and Brown [2].…”

Comparison of the Two-Scale and Three-Scale Models for Bistatic Electromagnetic Scattering From Ocean Surfaces

“…Recently we have developed a highly efficient and robust numerical method for the analysis of scattering from randomly rough surfaces. In this method, a generalized minimal residual procedure which is right preconditioned (GMRES-RP) [14] with the forward-backward method (FBM) [15], in combination with the spectral acceleration (SA) [16,17] technique to expedite the computation of matrix-vector product. The applied preconditioning is found to transform the original linear system from near singular to stable with a good condition number; specifically, the spectrum of the preconditioned matrix is found condensed in the vicinity of the point 1 in the complex plane, an indicator of the good approximation quality of the preconditioner to the original matrix.…”

A novel acceleration algorithm for the computation of scattering from rough surfaces with the forward‐backward method

“…The third approach involves use of the forwardbackward method (FBM) [Holliday et al, 1996;Holliday et al, 1998] (also known as the method of ordered multiple interactions (MOMI) [Kapp and Brown, 1996;Toporkov et al, 1998]), which has been shown in many cases to provide a more rapid convergence than a standard conjugate gradient iterative algorithm. In this method, fields at each current element on the surface are divided in terms of two contributions: (1) forward propagating field contributions due to the incident field and the radiation of surface currents preceding the receiving element and (2) backward propagating field contributions (or corrections) due to surface currents following the receiving element.…”