Fosfomycin for the treatment of infections caused by Gram-positive cocci with advanced antimicrobial drug resistance: a review of microbiological, animal and clinical studies

Falagas, Matthew E.; Roussos, N.; Gkegkes, Ioannis D.; Rafailidis, Petros I.; Karageorgopoulos, Drosos E.

doi:10.1517/13543780902967624

Cited by 91 publications

(71 citation statements)

References 88 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…was similar to or slightly higher than that of K. pneumoniae, but the available data were limited. Compared with studies published before 2010, no major differences in the susceptibility of Gram-negative bacteria and S. aureus have been reported (65)(66)(67)96). However, the cumulative susceptibility of VRE was found to be 30.3%, considerably lower than the susceptibility in studies after 2010 (65).…”

Section: Susceptibility Reports (Gram-negative and Gram-positive Isolmentioning

confidence: 65%

Fosfomycin

et al. 2016

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

SUMMARYThe treatment of bacterial infections suffers from two major problems: spread of multidrug-resistant (MDR) or extensively drug-resistant (XDR) pathogens and lack of development of new antibiotics active against such MDR and XDR bacteria. As a result, physicians have turned to older antibiotics, such as polymyxins, tetracyclines, and aminoglycosides. Lately, due to development of resistance to these agents, fosfomycin has gained attention, as it has remained active against both Gram-positive and Gram-negative MDR and XDR bacteria. New data of higher quality have become available, and several issues were clarified further. In this review, we summarize the available fosfomycin data regarding pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic properties, thein vitroactivity against susceptible and antibiotic-resistant bacteria, mechanisms of resistance and development of resistance during treatment, synergy and antagonism with other antibiotics, clinical effectiveness, and adverse events. Issues that need to be studied further are also discussed.

show abstract

Section: Susceptibility Reports (Gram-negative and Gram-positive Isolmentioning

confidence: 65%

Fosfomycin

et al. 2016

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…In staphylococci, a homolog, fosB, has been described (588). Summarizing data from three studies evaluating fosfomy-cin susceptibility, 31.6% of MR-CoNS isolates were resistant (589). In a 2008 study of 961 nonurinary Greek CoNS isolates, comprising S. epidermidis, S. saprophyticus, and S. haemolyticus, 22.5% exhibited in vitro resistance to fosfomycin (590).…”

Section: S Epidermidis Ms-cons Mr-cons Cons S Epidermidis S Haemolmentioning

confidence: 99%

Coagulase-Negative Staphylococci

2014

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

SUMMARY The definition of the heterogeneous group of coagulase-negative staphylococci (CoNS) is still based on diagnostic procedures that fulfill the clinical need to differentiate between Staphylococcus aureus and those staphylococci classified historically as being less or nonpathogenic. Due to patient- and procedure-related changes, CoNS now represent one of the major nosocomial pathogens, with S. epidermidis and S. haemolyticus being the most significant species. They account substantially for foreign body-related infections and infections in preterm newborns. While S. saprophyticus has been associated with acute urethritis, S. lugdunensis has a unique status, in some aspects resembling S. aureus in causing infectious endocarditis. In addition to CoNS found as food-associated saprophytes, many other CoNS species colonize the skin and mucous membranes of humans and animals and are less frequently involved in clinically manifested infections. This blurred gradation in terms of pathogenicity is reflected by species- and strain-specific virulence factors and the development of different host-defending strategies. Clearly, CoNS possess fewer virulence properties than S. aureus , with a respectively different disease spectrum. In this regard, host susceptibility is much more important. Therapeutically, CoNS are challenging due to the large proportion of methicillin-resistant strains and increasing numbers of isolates with less susceptibility to glycopeptides.

show abstract

“…Gram-positive and Gram-negative pathogens, including meticillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) and multidrug-resistant Streptococcus pneumoniae as well as extended-spectrumlactamase (ESBL)-producing Enterobacteriaceae [2,3].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%