“…Such "top-down" techniques, in their essence, attempt to form the supported catalyst structure by decorating high surface-area supports with nanoparticles in a similar way to how one would decorate a cake. Unsurprisingly, this often leads to weak and superficial bonding between the metal and its support [7][8][9][10]. In both thermochemical and electrochemical catalytic processes, weak bonding at the interface between the nanoparticles and the support enables the nanoparticles to move, sinter, ripen, or even fall off.…”