Fossil moonseeds from the Paleogene of West Gondwana (Patagonia, Argentina)

Jud, Nathan A.; Iglesias, Ari; Wilf, Peter; Gandolfo, María A.

doi:10.1002/ajb2.1092

Cited by 28 publications

(40 citation statements)

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“…To date, the earliest known fossils of this moonseed family are the endocarps from the early and middle Paleocene of South America (Herrera et al, ; Jud et al, ), which place a minimum age for the origin of this family towards the end of the Cretaceous or at the beginning of the Paleocene. The menispermaceous diversity now also recognized in the middle Paleocene and Eocene of South China indicates that East Asia might also have played an important role in the radiation and dispersal of the family during Paleogene.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Fossil endocarps of Stephania have been reported from the early Paleocene of Argentina (Jud et al, ), the middle to late Paleocene of Colombia (Herrera et al, ), the Paleocene–Eocene boundary of Wyoming (Han et al, ), the middle Eocene of western North America and Europe (Hollick, ; Chandler, ; Manchester, ; Collinson et al, ; Han et al, ), the Oligocene of South China (Han et al, ), the early Miocene of Kenya (Chesters, ), and the late Pleistocene of Nepal (Bhandari et al, ). Stephania psittaca Jud & Gandolfo from Argentina is 2.6 mm long by 2.3 mm wide, which is much smaller than S .…”

Section: Systematicsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…This family has an abundant and diverse fossil record from numerous Cenozoic localities that include both extant and extinct genera (e.g., Reid & Chandler, ; Chandler, , , , ; Manchester, ; Jacques & Guo, ). The earliest are reported from the Paleocene of South America, North America, and Europe (Knobloch, ; Herrera et al, ; Jud et al, ). A few specimens from the Cretaceous have also been attributed to this family (Knobloch & Mai, , ), but most of them remain uncertain, and in need of revision, especially the leaf fossils (Jacques, ; Herrera et al, ; Wefferling et al, ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…A few specimens from the Cretaceous have also been attributed to this family (Knobloch & Mai, , ), but most of them remain uncertain, and in need of revision, especially the leaf fossils (Jacques, ; Herrera et al, ; Wefferling et al, ). Based on well‐preserved Menispermaceae endocarps reported before, the earliest occurrences come from the early to late Paleocene of South America and the middle to late Paleocene of North America (Herrera et al, ; Jud et al, ). By the Eocene, the family had attained a circumboreal distribution with occurrences in North America, Europe, Asia, and Oceania.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Diversity of Menispermaceae from the Paleocene and Eocene of South China

Meng

et al. 2019

J of Sytematics Evolution

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We present here the earliest known Asian fossil records of the Menispermaceae based on fossil fruits from Paleocene and Eocene localities in South China. A new genus and species, Paleoorbicarpum parvum sp. nov., and two new species of Stephania Loureiro, S. ornamenta sp. nov. and S. geniculata sp. nov., are recognized from Paleocene deposits of the Sanshui Basin, Guangdong, and a new occurrence of the widespread Eocene species Stephania auriformis (Hollick) Han & Manchester is recognized from the Maoming Basin, Guangdong. The Paleocene Stephania specimens described here represent the earliest fossil endocarp record of the Menispermaceae in eastern Asia. This discovery shows that the moonseed family had arrived in tropical and humid South China by at least the middle Paleocene, which provides important evidence for the origin and phytogeographic history of the family.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Systematicsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Diversity of Menispermaceae from the Paleocene and Eocene of South China

Meng

et al. 2019

J of Sytematics Evolution

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“…f Collinson (1991) which is based on age-diagnostic foraminifera, calcareous nanofossils, dinoflagellate cysts, paleomagnetic data, and radiometric dates from units stratigraphically lower and higher than the fossil-bearing layers (Clyde et al 2014;Comer et al 2015). Other elements of the PL-2 assemblage described so far include araucariaceous and podocarpaceous conifers (Escapa et al 2018;Andruchow-Colombo et al 2019) and angiosperm reproductive structures assigned to the families Cunoniaceae and Menispermaceae (Jud et al 2018a(Jud et al , 2018b.…”

Section: Geographic and Stratigraphic Contextmentioning

confidence: 99%

Azolla Sporophytes and Spores from the Late Cretaceous and Paleocene of Patagonia, Argentina

Hermsen

Jud

Benedetti

et al. 2019

International Journal of Plant Sciences

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Premise of research. While Azolla has a rich fossil record based on dispersed megaspore apparatuses and microspore massulae, fossil sporophytes are relatively rare. In this contribution, we describe two fossil Azolla species based on both sporophytes and spores from Chubut Province, Patagonia, Argentina: Azolla coloniensis De Benedetti & Zamaloa, emend. Hermsen et al., and A. keuja Jud et al., sp. nov. Azolla coloniensis and A. keuja are the first fossil species of Azolla to be represented by vegetative structures (i.e., leaves, stems, and roots) from both South America and the Southern Hemisphere. Methodology. We examined sporophyte material of A. coloniensis from the Cañadón del Irupé locality, Upper Cretaceous, La Colonia Formation, and A. keuja from the Palacio de los Loros locality PL-2, Paleocene, Salamanca Formation. Spores of A. keuja were obtained from a sporophyte specimen and its surrounding rock matrix. Material was studied using standard light microscopy, epifluorescence microscopy, and scanning electron microscopy. Fossils are held at the Museo Paleontológico Egidio Feruglio,

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New physaloid fruit‐fossil species from early Eocene South America

Deanna

Wilf

Gandolfo

2020

American J of Botany

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PREMISE: Solanaceae is a scientifically and economically important angiosperm family with a minimal fossil record and an intriguing early evolutionary history. Here, we report a newly discovered fossil lantern fruit with a suite of features characteristic of Physalideae within Solanaceae. The fossil comes from the early Eocene Laguna del Hunco site (ca. 52 Ma) in Chubut, Argentina, which previously yielded the only other physaloid fruit fossil, Physalis infinemundi. METHODS: The fruit morphology and calyx venation pattern of the new fossil were compared with P. infinemundi and extant species of Solanaceae. RESULTS: Physalis hunickenii sp. nov. is clearly distinct from P. infinemundi in its fruiting calyx with wider primary veins, longer and thinner lobes, and especially in its venation pattern with high density, transverse tertiary veins; these features support its placement in a new species. In comparison with extant physaloid genera, the calyx venation pattern and other diagnostic traits reinforce placement of the new fossil, like P. infinemundi, within the tribe Physalideae of Solanaceae. CONCLUSIONS: Both species of fossil nightshades from Laguna del Hunco represent crown-group Solanaceae but are older than all prior age estimates of the family. Although at least 20 transoceanic dispersals have been proposed as the driver of range expansion of Solanaceae, the Patagonian fossils push back the diversification of the family to Gondwanan times. Thus, overland dispersal across Gondwana is now a likely scenario for at least some biogeographic patterns, in light of the ancient trans-Antarctic land connections between South America and Australia.

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Fossil moonseeds from the Paleogene of West Gondwana (Patagonia, Argentina)

Cited by 28 publications

References 68 publications

Diversity of Menispermaceae from the Paleocene and Eocene of South China

Diversity of Menispermaceae from the Paleocene and Eocene of South China

Azolla Sporophytes and Spores from the Late Cretaceous and Paleocene of Patagonia, Argentina

New physaloid fruit‐fossil species from early Eocene South America

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