Fossil Record

Patterson, C. O. Pat

doi:10.1525/abt.2011.73.6.12.b

Cited by 2 publications

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“…Second, all but one stem teleost disappear from the upper left quadrant (Fig. 5A), an area previously occupied by “pholidophorids” sensu lato, pleuropholids, and “leptolepids.”Although this region was not heavily populated by stem teleosts in the Early Cretaceous, the Albian absence of Pholiodophoridae sensu lato and clearly identifiable Leptolepidae sensu lato phenotypes is consistent with their documented last appearances (Patterson 1993b) and so might represent a genuine extinction signal. Pleuropholids, however, extend into the Albian (Giordano et al 2017).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 84%

Body-shape diversity in Triassic–Early Cretaceous neopterygian fishes: sustained holostean disparity and predominantly gradual increases in teleost phenotypic variety

Clarke

Friedman

2018

Paleobiology

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Comprising Holostei and Teleostei, the ~32,000 species of neopterygian fishes are anatomically disparate and represent the dominant group of aquatic vertebrates today. However, the pattern by which teleosts rose to represent almost all of this diversity, while their holostean sister-group dwindled to eight extant species and two broad morphologies, is poorly constrained. A geometric morphometric approach was taken to generate a morphospace from more than 400 fossil taxa, representing almost all articulated neopterygian taxa known from the first 150 million years—roughly 60%—of their history (Triassic‒Early Cretaceous). Patterns of morphospace occupancy and disparity are examined to: (1) assess evidence for a phenotypically “dominant” holostean phase; (2) evaluate whether expansions in teleost phenotypic variety are predominantly abrupt or gradual, including assessment of whether early apomorphy-defined teleosts are as morphologically conservative as typically assumed; and (3) compare diversification in crown and stem teleosts. The systematic affinities of dapediiforms and pycnodontiforms, two extinct neopterygian clades of uncertain phylogenetic placement, significantly impact patterns of morphological diversification. For instance, alternative placements dictate whether or not holosteans possessed statistically higher disparity than teleosts in the Late Triassic and Jurassic. Despite this ambiguity, all scenarios agree that holosteans do not exhibit a decline in disparity during the Early Triassic‒Early Cretaceous interval, but instead maintain their Toarcian‒Callovian variety until the end of the Early Cretaceous without substantial further expansions. After a conservative Induan‒Carnian phase, teleosts colonize (and persistently occupy) novel regions of morphospace in a predominantly gradual manner until the Hauterivian, after which expansions are rare. Furthermore, apomorphy-defined teleosts possess greater phenotypic variety than typically assumed. Comparison of crown and stem teleost partial disparity indicates that, despite a statistically significant increase in crown teleost disparity between the Late Jurassic and earliest Cretaceous, stem teleosts remained important long-term contributors to overall teleost disparity during this time.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 84%

Body-shape diversity in Triassic–Early Cretaceous neopterygian fishes: sustained holostean disparity and predominantly gradual increases in teleost phenotypic variety

Clarke

Friedman

2018

Paleobiology

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“…A more inclusive group than that currently recognized (Grande, 2012), the "holosteans" of these authors also encompassed many other Mesozoic actinopterygians (e.g., aspidorhynchids, semionotids, pycnodonts) and the lineage leading to Amia (Romer, 1945). Although support for a direct link between pholidophorids and extant teleosts mounted (Woodward 1942, Rayner 1948, Saint-Seine, 1949Gardiner, 1960;Griffith & Patterson, 1963;Nybelin, 1966;Patterson, 1968;Patterson, 1975), the large number of plesiomorphic characters displayed by the assemblage meant that influential figures such as Patterson initially resisted recognising them as teleosts rather than "holosteans" (Patterson 1967(Patterson , 1968(Patterson , 1973.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Micro-CT Based Description ofDorsetichthys bechei(Actinopterygii: Teleostei): Cranial Anatomy of an Iconic Early Teleost

Atterby,

Friedman,

Giles

2024

Preprint

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Teleost fishes comprise more than 36,000 living vertebrate species and occupy a wide range of aquatic ecosystems. Despite their overwhelming success, extinct taxa outside of the living radiation-stem teleosts-remain poorly understood. Dorsetichthys bechei is an Early Jurassic stem teleost of historic importance. Although D. bechei is well described, its proximity to the teleost crown and relationships with other stem teleosts is challenging due to previous associations with the wastebasket assemblage known as 'pholidophorids'. Here we present a new, three-dimensionally preserved specimen of Dorsetichthys bechei from the Blue Lias Formation (Sinemurian) Lyme Regis, UK. High-resolution CT scanning of this specimen plus additional material reveals previously unknown internal morphological information, including of the jaw and palate, hyoid arch, and gill skeleton. Importantly, this previously undescribed articulated specimen permits description of the external dermal skeleton and internal endoskeleton for the same individual, clarifying past accounts drawing on composite descriptions of two- and three-dimensionally preserved specimens. We confirm the presence of important teleost synapomorphies such as a mobile premaxilla and quadratojugal process. However, contrasting previous accounts, we find no evidence for dorsal and ventral hypohyals or a postarticular process of the lower jaw. We also confirm the presence of a prearticular. The presence of a mobile upper jaw, elaborate gill rakers and reduced dentition also support a possible facultative filter feeding ecology. These new anatomical data support removal of D. bechei from Pholidophoridae and Pholidophoriformes as currently defined but indicate that finer-scale patterns of relationships among more crownward members of the teleost stem are some way from being resolved.

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Fossil Record

Cited by 2 publications

References 0 publications

Body-shape diversity in Triassic–Early Cretaceous neopterygian fishes: sustained holostean disparity and predominantly gradual increases in teleost phenotypic variety

Body-shape diversity in Triassic–Early Cretaceous neopterygian fishes: sustained holostean disparity and predominantly gradual increases in teleost phenotypic variety

Micro-CT Based Description ofDorsetichthys bechei(Actinopterygii: Teleostei): Cranial Anatomy of an Iconic Early Teleost

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