“…Why do voters change their evaluation of party leaders? The electoral impact of voters’ evaluations of party leaders in parliamentary elections has been extensively covered (Aarts et al, 2011; Bittner, 2011, 2018b; Costa and Ferreira da Silva, 2015; Ferreira da Silva, 2018; Garzia, 2014, 2017; Lobo and Curtice, 2014; Mughan, 2015) and the influence of party leaders in elections may further increase as established democracies tend to become more and more personalised (Kriesi, 2012; Poguntke and Webb, 2005; Rahat and Kenig, 2018; Rahat and Sheafer, 2007; Wattenberg, 1991). Although it has also been argued that party leaders have always had an electoral impact (Bittner, 2018a).…”