Fouling and Chemical Cleaning of Microfiltration Membranes: A Mini-Review

Gul, Aysegul; Hrůza, Jakub; Yalçinkaya, Fatma

doi:10.3390/polym13060846

Cited by 178 publications

(104 citation statements)

References 84 publications

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“…Although the pH generated by the addition of calcium hydroxide during the nixtamalization process resulted in a high alkalinity (>12), the pH values progressively decreased compared to the initial extract. In the MF process, the pH decreased between 0.7 and 2.5% depending on the Nejayote type, which was possibly due to the retention of calcium ions in the colloidal mass (e.g., bio-flocculants) that formed on the surface of the membrane ( Gul et al, 2021 ). During the UF100 and UF1 steps, a reduction in pH was noted between 0.8 and 4.4% and between 2.7 and 12.5%, respectively, which could be ascribed to the selectivity of the membrane.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Analyzing the phenolic enriched fractions from Nixtamalization wastewater (Nejayote) fractionated in a three-step membrane process

Díaz‐Montes

Castro‐Muñoz

2022

Current Research in Food Science

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Nejayote is recognized as the main by-product resulting from the nixtamalization process of maize kernels, which is categorized as an alkaline residue with a chemical composition based on carbohydrates (37.8–55.7%), fiber (22.8–25.5%), protein (4.9–7.4%), and lipids (0.4–1.5%). In addition, Nejayote has an extensive content of simple (e.g., phenolic acids) and complex phenolic compounds (e.g., anthocyanins), which are responsible for the pigmentation and antioxidant activity of maize; therefore, there is a need of their identification depending on the type of maize. The current research has focused on the efficient extraction and identification of the phenolic acids contained in Nejayote after the processing of different types of maize. The target of this work was to fractionate Nejayote from white (NWM), red (NRM), and purple maize (NPM), using three different membranes, such as microfiltration (MF with a pore size of 1 μm) and ultrafiltration (UF100 and UF1 with a molecular weight cut-off of 100 kDa and 1 kDa, respectively), which were strategically applied to extract phenolic acids while retaining other molecules. Such a membrane system exhibited a retention in the first stage of almost all carbohydrates (MF-Retentate: ca. 12–19 g GE/L), while second stage (UF100-Permeate) a concentration of phenolic components was recovered ranging from 768 to 800 mg GAE/L. Finally, in the third stage (UF1-Permeate), 14 phenolic acids were identified, including ferulic and p- coumaric acids, derived from caffeic and ferulic acids, along with other molecules (e.g., glucose and fructose).

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Analyzing the phenolic enriched fractions from Nixtamalization wastewater (Nejayote) fractionated in a three-step membrane process

Díaz‐Montes

Castro‐Muñoz

2022

Current Research in Food Science

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“…There are so many membrane cleaning methods reported in the literature: pneumatic cleaning [ 55 , 56 ], ultrasonic cleaning [ 57 , 58 ], sponge ball cleaning [ 59 , 60 ], and chemical cleaning [ 61 , 62 ] However, backflushing is the most accessible and cheaper technique to obtain maximum recovery among all. Anyhow, the effect of membrane cleaning methods on the NBR-GO membrane will be evaluated in the next study.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Development of Environment-Friendly Membrane for Oily Industrial Wastewater Filtration

et al. 2021

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Latex phase blending and crosslinking method was used in this research work to produce nitrile butadiene rubber-graphene oxide (NBR-GO) membranes. This fabrication technique is new and yields environmentally friendly membranes for oil-water separation. GO loading was varied from 0.5 to 2.0 part per hundred-part rubber (pphr) to study its effect on the performance of NBR-GO membrane. GO was found to alter the surface morphology of the NBR matrix by introducing creases and fold on its surface, which then increases the permeation flux and rejection rate efficiency of the membrane. X-Ray diffraction analysis proves that GO was well dispersed in the membrane due to the non-existence of GO fingerprint diffraction peak at 2θ value of 10–12° in the membrane samples. The membrane filled with 2.0 pphr GO has the capability to permeate 7688.54 Lm−2 h−1 water at operating pressure of 0.3 bar with the corresponding rejection rate of oil recorded at 94.89%. As the GO loading increases from 0.5 to 2.0 pphr, fouling on the membrane surface also increases from Rt value of 45.03% to 87.96%. However, 100% recovery on membrane performance could be achieved by chemical backwashing.

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“…By contrast, the reversible and irreversible fouling resistance after EC/O pretreatment had been significantly alleviated, which showed that pretreatment had a good control on membrane fouling caused by humic acid, especially the resistance to irreversible pollution on the membrane (Li et al 2019a(Li et al , 2019b. Since backwashing or other physical cleaning methods can easily reduce the reversible membrane fouling (Gul et al 2021), the pretreatment had important practical significance in the application of ultrafiltration.…”

Section: The Influence Of Ec/o Pretreatment On the Resistance Distribution Of Membrane Foulingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of electroflocculation/oxidation pretreatment on the fouling characteristics of ultrafiltration membranes

Wang

Liao

et al. 2022

Water Science and Technology

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In order to reduce the membrane pollution of ultrafiltration caused by natural organic matter and improve the treatment efficiency, electro-flocculation/oxidation is used as the pre-membrane treatment method. The membrane specific flux attenuation characteristics was compared and analyzed under the conditions of direct ultrafiltration and electro-flocculation/oxidation-ultrafiltration. Combined with the analysis of the reversibility of membrane fouling, the mechanism of electro-flocculation/oxidation pretreatment to alleviate ultrafiltration membrane fouling was evaluated, and the membrane pore clogging model was used to fit the fouling law. The results show that, in the continuously fed filtration experiment, the electro-flocculation/oxidation process involved in the pretreatment and the direct ultrafiltration membrane filtration decreased the ultrafiltration membrane flux to 79.1% and 28.5%, respectively. The reversible resistance generated by ultrafiltration and electro-flocculation/oxidation-ultrafiltration processes accounted for 37.70% and 62.26% of their total pollution resistance, whereas the irreversible resistance generated accounted for 47.30% and 12.40% respectively. Meanwhile, the direct correlation between the the flux dropped and complete clogging became less than that of ultrafiltration process. The pretreatment significantly strengthened irreversible fouling resistance of the membrane pores. The membrane permeation flux was significantly increased after the electro-flocculation/oxidation pretreatment.

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Fouling and Chemical Cleaning of Microfiltration Membranes: A Mini-Review

Cited by 178 publications

References 84 publications

Analyzing the phenolic enriched fractions from Nixtamalization wastewater (Nejayote) fractionated in a three-step membrane process

Analyzing the phenolic enriched fractions from Nixtamalization wastewater (Nejayote) fractionated in a three-step membrane process

Development of Environment-Friendly Membrane for Oily Industrial Wastewater Filtration

Effects of electroflocculation/oxidation pretreatment on the fouling characteristics of ultrafiltration membranes

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