Foundations of Transparency in Tactile Information Design

Abstract

Abstract-This paper places contemporary literature on the topic of unimodal single-site display of information using complex tactile signals in the context of progress toward transparent communication-placing minimal load on the user's attentional resources. We discuss recent evidence that more is possible with purely haptic display than is commonly believed, as well as procedural developments that support systematic design of transparent tactile information display, and we frame the advances required to realize significant benefits with the technology we have now. Examples used and objectives thus identified focus on establishing effective information representations and outlining efficient tools and processes for perceptually guiding icon design. Our discussion is inspired by Weiser's vision of calm technology based on locatedness and seamless movement between the center and the periphery, and it is organized along the lines of potential utility, form, and learning.Index Terms-Haptic I/O, human information processing, input devices and strategies, user-centered design.

Sensing Performance of a Vibrotactile Glove for Deaf-Blind People

“…Hence, the simplest tactons were the ones chosen as a starting point to facilitate the everyday use of the HMI. Additionally, due to the abstract meaning-stimulus relationship, this set of tactons scales better than those that use a more mnemonic meaning-stimulus relationship [33]. Also, this method is faster and easier to decode than those that only transmit characters.…”

“…We found that often deaf-blind people are not receptive to learn this new code. Additionally, it has been shown that this kind of abstract representation with messages scales better [33] and makes communication faster and more customizable.…”

“…The message is transmitted via the wireless link to the efferent HMI, i.e., the glove. The messages are coded in an abstract representation [33] and delivered on the fingers by a stimulation pattern.…”

The design and field observation of a haptic notification system for timing awareness during oral presentations

“…Past research on haptic icon design, summarized in [27], provides a start for finding salient yet unintrusive tactile mappings for cues. Icons for progress updates, errors, and warnings provide insights for presentation cues [15,44].…”

Modeling of physical human–robot interaction

“…Transparency refers to the capability of the controller to compensate (feedforward controller) for hardware imperfections such as inertia, friction, backlash and vibration such that the payload and mechanism are hidden while a model (impedance or admittance) is rendered to the user. 18 Two frequency bandwidths are considered here, in accordance with human perception of vibration (properties of skin mechanoreceptors) 19,17,20 and with human musculoskeletal response (properties of the human body model). 21 It has been found previously that a typical operator is able to control a frequency lower than 10 Hz (i.e.…”