Four Case Reports of Cutaneous Sparganosis From Peruvian Amazon

Álvarez, Patricia; Melgarejo, Cynthia; Beltran, Gustavo; Santos, Rina; Ferrer, Karina; Elescano, Ivy; Victorero, Elizabeth; Meza, Beatriz Arrieta de; Ortiz, Nazario; León, Alexis; Bravo, Francisco

doi:10.1097/dad.0000000000002205

Cited by 4 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 18 publications

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“…The larval and immature stages of many helminths, including Gnathostoma, Strongyloides, sparganum, Paragonimus, and Fasciola, can cause CLM cases similar to those of hookworms [2,5,[51][52][53][54][55], but Abs against these helminths in our study did not cross-react with the A. caninum somatic Ag. Additionally, a few Abs in two of fifteen cases of gnathostomiasis showed false positives.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 63%

Assessment of an Immuno-Diagnostic Method for Hookworm-Related Cutaneous Larva Migrans Using Crude Extracts of Ancylostoma caninum

et al. 2023

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People can become infected with cutaneous larva migrans (CLM) through skin penetration by the infective zoonotic larvae of hookworms. Few studies have investigated CLM’s immunodiagnosis, and the existing studies were limited to crude somatic or excretory/secretory antigens (Ags) from adult worms. Here, we aimed to develop an indirect enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) to differentiate and diagnose hwCLM by detecting immunoglobulin (Ig)E, IgG, and IgG subclasses 1–4 (IgG1–4) against the somatic Ag of adult Ancylostoma caninum checkerboard titrations of adult A. caninum worm extract. Pooled serum controls were immunocharacterized using an indirect ELISA. The IgG1–4 and IgE results were unsatisfactory; however, the use of total IgG achieved results comparable to those of immunoblotting. Thus, we continued to analyze the IgG-ELISA using serum samples from patients with hwCLM and heterologous infections as well as from healthy controls. The sensitivity and excellent specificity of the total IgG-ELISA were 93.75% and 98.37%, respectively, and its positive and negative predictive values were 75% and 99.67%, respectively. Antibodies from five cases of angiostrongyliasis, gnathostomiasis, and dirofilariasis cross-reacted with the somatic Ag of adult A. caninum. This new assay can adequately serodiagnose hwCLM when combined with clinical features and/or histological examination.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 63%

Assessment of an Immuno-Diagnostic Method for Hookworm-Related Cutaneous Larva Migrans Using Crude Extracts of Ancylostoma caninum

et al. 2023

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“…After infecting humans, the ingested sparganum can invade the subcutaneous tissues, spinal cord, eyes, breasts and brain, resulting in local tissue damage, paralysis, blindness, and even death [ 10 , 31 ]. Human sparganosis has been reported in Asian, African, American and European countries, with more than 2000 cases to date [ 1 , 3 , 13 , 23 , 35 ]. China has the largest number of sparganosis cases in the world, with more than 1300 cases reported in 27 out of 34 provinces, autonomous regions, or municipal districts [ 32 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Annexin gene family in Spirometra mansoni (Cestoda: Diphyllobothriidae) and its phylogenetic pattern among Platyhelminthes of medical interest

Su,

Gao,

Wang

et al. 2024

Parasite

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The plerocercoid larvae of Spirometra mansoni are etiological agents of human and animal sparganosis. Annexins are proteins with important roles in parasites. However, our knowledge of annexins in S. mansoni is still inadequate. In this study, 18 new members of the Annexin (ANX) family were characterized in S. mansoni. The clustering analysis demonstrated that all the SmANXs were divided into two main classes, consistent with the patterns of conserved motif organization. The 18 SmANXs were detected at all developmental stages (plerocercoid, adult, and egg) and displayed ubiquitous but highly variable expression patterns in all tissues/organs studied. The representative member rSmANX18 was successfully cloned and expressed. The protein was immunolocalized in the tegument and parenchyma of the plerocercoid and in the tegument, parenchyma, uterus and egg shell of adult worms. The recombinant protein can bind phospholipids with high affinity in a Ca2+-dependent manner, shows high anticoagulant activity and combines with FITC to recognize apoptotic cells. Annexin gene polymorphism and conservative core motif permutation were found in both cestodes and trematodes. SmANXs also revealed high genetic diversity among Platyhelminthes of medical interest. Our findings lay a foundation for further studies on the biological functions of ANXs in S. mansoni as well as other taxa in which ANXs occur.

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Cestodes

Cabada,

Jimenez,

Garcia

2023

ClinMicroNow

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Adult cestode tapeworms have a flattened body composed of the scolex, bearing the fixation organs such as suckers, hooks, and bothria; the neck, where the cellular reproduction occurs; and the strobila, formed by numerous segments called proglottids. The fish tapeworm, Dibiothriocephalus latus , is the largest intestinal parasite of humans. Taenia saginata , the beef tapeworm, is endemic to most of the world. Humans are the only definitive host for this tapeworm, and infection carries minimal health risks. Taenia solium , the pork tapeworm, has an extensive geographic distribution and a large impact on human health due to its association with seizure disorders. T. solium neurocysticercosis is the most common cause of acquired epilepsy in developing countries. Hymenolepis nana is the smallest of the intestinal tapeworms of humans and the most common tapeworm infection throughout the world. In its zoonotic cycle, H. nana is a parasite of mice, and beetles act as intermediate hosts.

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Four Case Reports of Cutaneous Sparganosis From Peruvian Amazon

Cited by 4 publications

References 18 publications

Assessment of an Immuno-Diagnostic Method for Hookworm-Related Cutaneous Larva Migrans Using Crude Extracts of Ancylostoma caninum

Assessment of an Immuno-Diagnostic Method for Hookworm-Related Cutaneous Larva Migrans Using Crude Extracts of Ancylostoma caninum

Annexin gene family in Spirometra mansoni (Cestoda: Diphyllobothriidae) and its phylogenetic pattern among Platyhelminthes of medical interest

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