Four-dimensional ultrasonography of the fetal heart with spatiotemporal image correlation

Gonçalves, Luís F.; Lee, Wesley; Chaiworapongsa, Tinnakorn; Espinoza, Jimmy; Schoen, Mary E.; Falkensammer, P.; Treadwell, Marjorie C.; Romero, Roberto

doi:10.1016/s0002-9378(03)00913-x

Cited by 212 publications

(250 citation statements)

References 54 publications

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“…For example, the examiner's ability to analyze cardiac anatomy with an infinite number of arbitrary viewing planes is likely to offer additional diagnostic advantages for the accurate characterization of complex anomalies. In a previous study, a technique was developed to systematically visualize the outflow tracts using four-dimensional ultrasound with STIC [58]. In the current study, we specifically investigated volume postprocessing, which is the ability to obtain desired planes of section using stored volume datasets.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…A limitation of the technique described in this study, which utilized a transverse sweep for volume dataset acquisition, is that it does not allow imaging of the aortic and ductal arches. Imaging of the arch vessels is best accomplished when the STIC volume datasets are acquired with a sagittal sweep through the fetal chest [58], using a technique originally described by Bega et al [49] for static three-dimensional volume datasets.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…A technique to systematically examine volume datasets and obtain multiplanar cine sequences of the left and right outflow tracts was developed, and its details have been published elsewhere [58]. The technique takes advantage of the almost orthogonal relationship of the great vessels as they leave the ventricular chambers.…”

Section: Volume Postprocessingmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Three-dimensional [45][46][47][48][49][50][51] and, more recently, four-dimensional ultrasonography of the fetal heart [52][53][54][55][56][57][58] have the potential for making the examination less operator-dependent. Once a volume dataset is acquired, the heart can be examined using multiple planes of section, some of which are unobtainable with two-dimensional ultrasound.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In a previous article [58], we proposed a technique to examine volume datasets acquired using fourdimensional ultrasound with Spatiotemporal Image Correlation (STIC) for standard views of the outflow tracts. The objective of the present study was to evaluate the reproducibility and agreement between observers in the use of this technique.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Four-dimensional fetal echocardiography with spatiotemporal image correlation (STIC): A systematic study of standard cardiac views assessed by different observers

Gonçalves

Espinoza

Romero

et al. 2005

The Journal of Maternal-Fetal & Neonatal Medicine

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Methods.A technique was developed to obtain dynamic multiplanar images of the left ventricular outflow tract (LVOT) and right ventricular outflow tract (RVOT) from volume datasets acquired with STIC. Volume datasets were acquired from fetuses with normal cardiac anatomy. Twenty volume datasets of satisfactory quality were pre-selected by one investigator. The data was randomly assigned for a blinded review by two independent observers with previous experience in fetal echocardiography. Only one volume dataset was used for each fetus. After a training session, the observers obtained standardized cardiac views of the LVOT and RVOT, which were scored on a scale of 1 to 5, based on diagnostic value and image quality (1 = unacceptable, 2 = marginal, 3 = acceptable, 4 = good, and 5 = excellent). Median scores and interquartile range, as well as inter-and intraobserver agreement were calculated for each view. Results. The mean menstrual age at the time of volume acquisition was 25.5 + 4.5 weeks. Median scores (interquartile range) for LVOT images, obtained by the first and second observers, were 3.5 (2.25-5.00) and 4 (3.00-5.00), respectively. The median scores (interquartile range) for RVOT images obtained by the first and second observers were 3 (3.00-5.00) and 3 (2.00-4.00), respectively. The interobserver intraclass correlation coefficient for the LVOT was 0.693 (95% CI 0.380-0.822), and 0.696 (95% CI 0.382-0.866) for the RVOT. For the intraobserver agreement analysis, observer 1 gave higher scores to the LVOT the second time the volumes were analyzed [LVOT: 3.50 (2.25-5.00) vs. 5.00 (4.00-5.00, p = 0.008)]. Conclusion. STIC can be reproducibly used to evaluate fetal cardiac outflow tracts by independent examiners. Slightly better image quality rating scores during the intraobserver variability trial suggests the presence of a learning curve for the manipulation and analysis of volume data obtained by STIC.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Volume Postprocessingmentioning

confidence: 99%