Four Independent Antigenic Determinants on the Capsid Polypeptides of Aphthovirus

Haresnape, Janet M.; McCahon, D.

doi:10.1099/0022-1317-64-11-2345

Cited by 19 publications

(18 citation statements)

References 26 publications

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“…Protease-treated virus was concentrated by pelleting for 1 h at 50000rev/min at 20°C and samples containing approximately 10~tg protein were analysed by SDSpolyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (Laemmli, 1970) or by electrofocusing [method (i); . For preparation of proteolytic fragments, 400 Ixg virus protein was electrophoresed on a 15 ~ SDS-polyacrylamide gel and eluted from the gel slices as described by Haresnape & McCahon (1983).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Antigenic activity of VP1 fragments. VP1 and its fragments were eluted from polyacrylamide gels and allowed to compete with radioactively labelled whole virus for antiserum to VPI in a simultaneous competition radioimmunoassay (the test for I-A antigenic sites, described by Haresnape & McCahon, 1983). (a) Intact VP1 ; (b) residual intact VPI from chymotrypsin-treated virus; (c) VP1L from trypsin-treated virus; (d) VP1S from trypsin-treated virus; (e) VP 1L from chymotrypsin-treated virus; (f) VP1S from chymotrypsin-treated virus.…”

Section: Location Of An Immunizing Site Of Fmdmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…There are two lines of evidence for this: first, as shown by Bachrach et al (1975), Kaaden et al (1977) and in the accompanying paper (Haresnape & McCahon, 1983), inoculation of purified VP| into rabbits or pigs results in the production of antibody that can combine with native virus particles and neutralize their infectivity, VP1 being the only polypeptide able to do this. Second, tryptic cleavage of VP1 in type O aphthovirus is associated with a severe loss of both immunizing activity (Rowlands et al, 1971 ;Kaaden et al, 1977) and ability of the virus to be precipitated by antiserum to isolated VP1 (Haresnape & McCahon, 1983).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 95%

“…The preparation of antisera and the simultaneous competition radioimmunoassays (RIA) were as described by Haresnape & McCahon (1983).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The virus determinant recognized by anti-VP1 serum was called the VP1-A antigen by Haresnape & McCahon (1983), to distinguish it from a second determinant, VP1-B, which is expressed only on 12S subparticles. The purpose of the work described in this paper was to locate the 1-A class of antigenic determinant, and also to explore methods of preparing immunologically active peptides.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Location of an Immunizing Determinant within Polypeptide VP1 of Type O Aphthovirus

Haresnape

King

McCahon

1983

Journal of General Virology

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SUMMARYVP1 is the only structural polypeptide of aphthovirus able to stimulate the production of neutralizing antibody. The region of VP 1 responsible for this activity was located by testing various proteolytic fragments of VP1 for their ability to compete for virus-specific antibodies in serum raised against the intact polypeptide. No antigenic activity could be detected in VP1 fragments isolated from trypsin-treated virus. Controlled digestion revealed that trypsin cleaved VP1 in four places in a preferred order, whereas chymotrypsin cut at a maximum of two sites. The initial cuts by the two proteases were made very close to each other, and in each case resulted in a greatly reduced affinity of the VP1 fragments for virus-specific antibodies in anti-VP1 serum. In contrast, aphthovirus was resistant to Staphylococcus aureus V8 protease, and treatment of isolated VP1 with this protease generated a peptide of tool. wt. 8500 which competed efficiently with virus for antiserum to VP1 and for an absorbed antiviral serum specific for trypsin-sensitive sites. The results indicate that these antisera interact specifically with aphthovirus at a single antigenic determinant located on VP 1 approximately two-thirds of the way along the polypeptide sequence.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Location Of An Immunizing Site Of Fmdmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 95%

“…The preparation of antisera and the simultaneous competition radioimmunoassays (RIA) were as described by Haresnape & McCahon (1983).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Location of an Immunizing Determinant within Polypeptide VP1 of Type O Aphthovirus

Haresnape

King

McCahon

1983

Journal of General Virology

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The role of nuclear technologies in the diagnosis and control of livestock diseases—a review

Viljoen

Luckins

2012

Trop Anim Health Prod

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Nuclear and nuclear-related technologies have played an important role in animal health, particularly in relation to disease diagnosis and characterization of pathogenic organisms. This review focuses primarily on how and where nuclear technologies, both non-isotopic and isotopic methods, have made their impact in the past and where it might be expected they could have an impact in the future. The review outlines the extensive use of radiation attenuation in attempts to create vaccines for a multiplicity of pathogenic organisms and how the technology is being re-examined in the light of recent advances in irradiation techniques and cryopreservation/lyophilization that might obviate some of the problems of maintenance of viable, attenuate vaccines and their transport and use in the field. This approach could be used for a number of parasitic diseases where vaccination has been problematic and where investigations into the development of molecular vaccines have still failed to deliver satisfactory candidates for generating protective immune responses. Irradiation of antigens or serum samples also has its uses in diagnosis, especially when the samples need to be transported across international boundaries, or when handling the pathogens in question when carrying out a test presents serious health hazards to laboratory personnel. The present-day extensive use of enzyme immunoassays and molecular methods (e.g., polymerase chain reaction) for diagnosis and characterization of animal pathogens has its origins in the use of isotope-labeled antigens and antibodies. These isotopic techniques that included the use of 75Se, 32P, 125I, and 35S isotopes enabled a level of sensitivity and specificity that was hitherto unrealized, and it is prescient to remind ourselves of just how successful these technologies were, in spite of their infrequent use nowadays. Finally, the review looks at the potential for stable isotope analysis for a variety of applications—in the tracking of animal migrations, where the migrant are potential carriers of transboundary animal diseases, and where it would be useful to determine the origins of the carrier, e.g., Highly Pathogenic Avian Influenza and its dissemination by wild water fowl. Other applications could be in monitoring sequestered microbial culture (e.g., rinderpest virus) where in the case of accidental or deliberate release of infective culture it would be possible to identify the laboratory from which the isolate originated.

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Epitopes on foot-and-mouth disease virus particles I. Topology

et al. 1987

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Four Independent Antigenic Determinants on the Capsid Polypeptides of Aphthovirus

Cited by 19 publications

References 26 publications

Location of an Immunizing Determinant within Polypeptide VP1 of Type O Aphthovirus

Location of an Immunizing Determinant within Polypeptide VP1 of Type O Aphthovirus

The role of nuclear technologies in the diagnosis and control of livestock diseases—a review

Epitopes on foot-and-mouth disease virus particles I. Topology

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